Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 053, India; National Forensic Sciences University, Sector 9, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India.
State Forensic Science Laboratory, Directorate of Forensic Services, Junga, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171218, India.
Gene. 2021 Mar 10;772:145373. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145373. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
In Indian montane system, human populations often exhibit an unparallel social organization where inter-caste marriages are still not common. This attribute affects the demography and population genetic structure of the resident populations. Further, human populations residing in the mountains in India are poorly studied for their genetic make-up and allele distribution patterns. In the present study, we genotyped 594 unrelated individuals using PowerPlex® 21 System (Promega, USA) from eight different populations belonging to 12 districts of Himachal Pradesh which differed in ethnicity, language, geography and social organization. Altogether, we obtained 1415 alleles with a mean of 8.84 ± 0.26 alleles per locus and 0.80 mean observed heterozygosity. Locus Penta E showed the highest combined power of discrimination and was found most informative for forensic purposes. Interestingly, phylogenetic analysis grouped the populations of Rajputs, Scheduled castes and Brahmins into one cluster, which indicated a deep genetic admixture in the ancestral populations. This study documents the first-ever report on the population genetic assignment of various castes in Himachal Pradesh and unveils the facts of cryptic gene flow among the diverse castes in the northern hilly state of India. Our results showed a genetic relationship among the various ethno-linguistically diverse populations of India.
在印度山地系统中，人类群体通常表现出一种独特的社会组织形式，其中种姓间婚姻仍然不常见。这种特征影响了居民人口的人口统计学和人口遗传结构。此外，印度山区的人类群体的遗传构成和等位基因分布模式研究甚少。在本研究中，我们使用 PowerPlex® 21 系统（Promega，美国）对来自喜马偕尔邦 12 个区的 8 个不同群体的 594 个无关个体进行了基因分型，这些群体在种族、语言、地理和社会组织方面存在差异。总共获得了 1415 个等位基因，每个基因座的平均值为 8.84±0.26 个等位基因，平均观察杂合度为 0.80。Penta E 基因座显示出最高的综合鉴别力，最适合法医学用途。有趣的是，系统发育分析将拉杰普特人、在册种姓和婆罗门的群体分为一组，这表明在祖先群体中存在深刻的遗传混合。本研究首次报告了喜马偕尔邦各种种姓的人口遗传分配情况，并揭示了印度北部丘陵州不同种姓之间隐蔽基因流动的事实。我们的结果显示了印度各种种族和语言多样化的群体之间的遗传关系。
