"It's Worked Well for Me": Young Women's Reasons for Choosing Lower-Efficacy Contraceptive Methods.

STUDY OBJECTIVE

To understand the diverse reasons why some young women choose contraceptive methods that are less effective at preventing pregnancy, including condoms, withdrawal, and emergency contraception pills, even when more effective contraceptive methods are made available to them.

DESIGN

In-depth interviews with young women at family planning clinics in July-November 2016. Interview data were thematically coded and analyzed using an iterative approach.

SETTING

Two youth-serving family planning clinics serving predominantly Latinx and African American communities in the San Francisco Bay Area, California.

PARTICIPANTS

Twenty-two young women ages 15-25 years who recently accessed emergency contraception to prevent pregnancy.

INTERVENTIONS

None.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Young women's experiences using different methods of contraception, with specific attention to methods that are less effective at preventing pregnancy.

RESULTS

Young women reported having previously used a range of higher- and lower-efficacy contraceptive methods. In interviews, they described affirmative values that drive their decision to use lower-efficacy methods, including: a preference for flexibility and spontaneity over continual contraceptive use, an emphasis on protecting one's body, and satisfaction with the method's effectiveness at preventing pregnancy. Some young women described using a combination of lower-efficacy methods to reduce their pregnancy risk.

CONCLUSION

Young women make contraceptive decisions on the basis of preferences and values that include, but are not limited to, effectiveness at preventing pregnancy. These reasons are salient in their lives and need to be recognized as valid by sexual health care providers to ensure that young women receive ongoing high-quality care.