Herrera-Bravo Jesús, Beltrán-Lissabet Jorge F, Saavedra Kathleen, Saavedra Nicolás, Hevia Monserrat, Alvear Marysol, Lanas Fernando, Salazar Luis A
Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 4811230, Chile; Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2021 Feb;148:111947. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111947. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pollutants found in the air generated mainly by the combustion of coal or biomass burning. Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons is positively correlated with cardiovascular diseases. Phenolic compounds are widely found in the plant kingdom, and their availability from agri-food processing waste has led to an increased interest in their recovery. The production of large amounts of organic waste created by the wine industry has emphasized the valuation of these wastes to generate high-added-value by-products. The objective of this work was to investigate the protective effect of Pinot noir pomace extract on human endothelial cells against PAHs found in the polluted air of Temuco, Chile. The pomace extract was characterized by spectrophotometric analysis and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results revealed the presence of 5 glycosylated anthocyanins and 9 low molecular weight polyphenols. Molecular docking indicated that cyanidin-3-glucoside (-9.2 kcal/mol) and quercetin (-9.6 kcal/mol) had the highest affinities for the Nrf2 binding site in the Keap1 protein, suggesting a possible competition with this transcription factor. Endothelial cells from the human umbilical vein were exposed to increasing concentrations of Phenanthrene, Fluoranthene, and Pyrene diluted in DMSO in a ratio of 3:1:1 (10 μM-200 μM). Viability through the MTS assay showed that 150 μM of PAHs was sufficient to reduce viability by 75% (p ˂ 0.0001). When the cells were pre-treated with 400 μg/ml of the extract, 150 μM of PAHs did not exert cell death (80% viability). Our preliminary results show that polyphenolic components found in Pinot noir pomace might have a beneficial effect as a protective agent.
多环芳烃（PAHs）是在主要由煤炭燃烧或生物质燃烧产生的空气中发现的污染物。接触多环芳烃与心血管疾病呈正相关。酚类化合物在植物界广泛存在，并且它们可从农业食品加工废料中获取，这使得人们对其回收利用的兴趣增加。葡萄酒行业产生的大量有机废料凸显了对这些废料进行评估以生产高附加值副产品的重要性。这项工作的目的是研究黑皮诺葡萄渣提取物对人类内皮细胞抵御智利特木科污染空气中所含多环芳烃的保护作用。通过分光光度分析和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对葡萄渣提取物进行了表征。结果显示存在5种糖基化花青素和9种低分子量多酚。分子对接表明矢车菊素 - 3 - 葡萄糖苷（-9.2千卡/摩尔）和槲皮素（-9.6千卡/摩尔）与Keap1蛋白中的Nrf2结合位点具有最高亲和力，这表明可能与该转录因子存在竞争。将人脐静脉内皮细胞暴露于以3:1:1比例用二甲基亚砜稀释的菲、荧蒽和芘的浓度不断增加的溶液中（10微摩尔 - 200微摩尔）。通过MTS测定法测得的细胞活力表明，150微摩尔的多环芳烃足以使细胞活力降低75%（p ˂ 0.0001）。当细胞用400微克/毫升的提取物进行预处理时，150微摩尔的多环芳烃未导致细胞死亡（细胞活力为80%）。我们的初步结果表明，黑皮诺葡萄渣中发现的多酚成分可能作为一种保护剂具有有益作用。
