Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Histofisiologia Comparada, Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Histofisiologia Comparada, Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Physiol Behav. 2021 Mar 1;230:113306. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113306. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Studies indicate that gestational exercise practice positively impacts the offspring's cognition. Nevertheless, the influence of maternal resistance exercise, different periods of exercise practice, and the inter- and transgenerational effects involved in these responses are not known. This study sought to report the influence of the maternal practice of resistance exercise on offspring's cognitive function, exploring behavior, and neuroplastic and epigenetic marks in the hippocampus. Female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sedentary (SS), exercised during pregnancy (SE), exercised before pregnancy (ES), and exercised before and during pregnancy (EE). Exercised rats were submitted to a resistance exercise protocol (vertical ladder climbing). Between postnatal days (P)81 and P85, male offspring were submitted to the Morris water maze test. At P85, the following analyses were performed in offspring's hippocampus: expression of IGF-1 and BrdU+ cells, global DNA methylation, H3/H4 acetylation, and HDAC2 amount. Only the offspring of SE mothers presented subtly better performance on learning and memory tasks, associated with lower HDAC2 amount. Offspring from ES mothers presented an overexpression of hippocampal neuroplastic marks (BrdU+ and IGF-1), as well as a decrease of DNA methylation and an increase in H4 acetylation. Offspring from EE mothers (continuously exercised) did not present modifications in plasticity or epigenetic parameters. This is the first study to observe the influence of maternal resistance exercise on offspring's brains. The findings provide evidence that offspring's hippocampus plasticity is influenced by exercise performed in isolated periods (pre- or gestationally) more than that performed continually.
研究表明，孕期运动实践对后代的认知能力有积极影响。然而，母体抗阻运动的影响、运动实践的不同时期以及这些反应所涉及的跨代和代际影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在报告母体抗阻运动对后代认知功能的影响，探讨海马体中的神经可塑性和表观遗传标记。雌性 Wistar 大鼠被分为四组：久坐不动组（SS）、孕期运动组（SE）、孕期前运动组（ES）和孕期前及孕期运动组（EE）。运动组大鼠接受抗阻运动方案（垂直梯攀爬）。在出生后第 81 天至第 85 天，雄性后代接受 Morris 水迷宫测试。在 P85 时，对后代海马体进行以下分析：IGF-1 和 BrdU+细胞的表达、全基因组 DNA 甲基化、H3/H4 乙酰化和 HDAC2 含量。只有 SE 组母鼠的后代在学习和记忆任务中表现出轻微的改善，与较低的 HDAC2 含量相关。ES 组母鼠的后代海马体神经可塑性标志物（BrdU+和 IGF-1）表达增加，同时 DNA 甲基化减少，H4 乙酰化增加。EE 组母鼠（持续运动）的后代在可塑性或表观遗传参数方面没有变化。这是首次观察母体抗阻运动对后代大脑的影响的研究。研究结果表明，与连续运动相比，孤立时期（孕期前或孕期）进行的运动对后代海马体的可塑性影响更大。
