Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
Waste Manag. 2021 Feb 15;121:67-76. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.037. Epub 2020 Dec 22.
The juice expelled from carrot, a globally produced root vegetable, leavesbehind carrot pomace (a bio- and horticultural waste) which is potentially rich source of micro-nutrients and carotenoids.However, it is discarded as waste or used as animal feed. It holds potential to be channelized to food chain by a couple of technological interventions. In this regard, present work was aimed at preparing stable emulsion based delivery system for 'green' carotenoids extracted from carrot-pomace in flaxseed oil (a green solvent), and at maximizing the amount of core material so that the resultant emulsion can potentially be used as a source of both carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acid of flaxseed oil origin. The study used natural emulsifier. Preparation of oil-in-water emulsion was optimized using 3 factorial experiment by varying levels of extract containing carotenoid (30-40%), whey protein concentrates (WPC-80) and lactose. The optimized emulsion (CREm) was selected on the basis of particle size, zeta potential, color values (L*, a*, b*) and viscosity statistically analyzed via three-way ANOVA using Proc GLM of SAS 9.3 (described in detail in this paper); the respective values of these parameters being 120.03 ± 8.20 nm, -16.57 ± 0.49 mV, 75.11 ± 0.04, 9.66 ± 0.32, 50.29 ± 0.62, and 0.124 ± 0.0115 Pa.s for CREm. CREm contained 35% flaxseed oil, 10% WPC-80 and 5% lactose and showed good centrifugal and gravitational stability (15 days). It was analyzed for total carotenoid content, antioxidant activities (ABTS (2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6sulfonic acid), DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power assay)) and microstructure.
从全球生产的根茎类蔬菜胡萝卜中榨出的汁液会留下胡萝卜渣（一种生物和园艺废物），而胡萝卜渣中富含微量营养素和类胡萝卜素。然而，它通常被当作废物丢弃，或用作动物饲料。通过一些技术干预，它有可能被纳入食物链。在这方面，目前的工作旨在以亚麻籽油（一种绿色溶剂）为基础，从胡萝卜渣中提取“绿色”类胡萝卜素，制备稳定的乳液输送系统，并使核心材料的含量最大化，以便所得乳液可潜在地用作胡萝卜素和亚麻籽油来源的欧米伽-3 脂肪酸的来源。该研究使用天然乳化剂。通过在 30-40%含类胡萝卜素的提取物、乳清蛋白浓缩物（WPC-80）和乳糖的水平上变化，使用 3 因子实验优化水包油乳液的制备。通过使用 SAS 9.3 的 Proc GLM 进行三向方差分析（在本文中详细描述），根据粒径、Zeta 电位、颜色值（L*、a*、b*）和粘度对优化后的乳液（CREm）进行统计学分析，选择最佳乳液（CREm）；这些参数的相应值为 120.03±8.20nm、-16.57±0.49mV、75.11±0.04、9.66±0.32、50.29±0.62 和 0.124±0.0115Pa.s。CREm 含有 35%的亚麻籽油、10%的 WPC-80 和 5%的乳糖，具有良好的离心和重力稳定性（15 天）。对其总类胡萝卜素含量、抗氧化活性（ABTS（2,2-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸））、DPPH（2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼）和 FRAP（铁还原抗氧化能力测定法））和微观结构进行了分析。
