Ravin C E
Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
J Thorac Imaging. 1988 Jan;3(1):1-13. doi: 10.1097/00005382-198801000-00003.
Distribution of pulmonary vascularity, as imaged on the routine chest radiograph, may be used as an accurate and sensitive indicator of underlying pathophysiologic change. The lungs, like most other human organ systems, have extensive reserve capability. Such reserves exist in terms of excess alveolar capacity in the pulmonary vascular bed to compensate for certain vascular alterations. This available vascular reserve is potentially available to compensate for situations in which there is an imbalance created between the size (capacity) of the vascular bed and the amount of blood (content) that it must accommodate. Such imbalances can result from decrease in the size of the vascular bed secondary to destruction or to normal physiologic response mechanisms or from an increase in the amount of blood coursing through the vascular bed. Either occurrence or combination of occurrences necessitates recruitment of available pulmonary vascular reserves. Recognition of this recruitment phenomenon and understanding of its underlying pathophysiologic significance enable relatively sophisticated diagnostic interpretation of the chest radiograph.
常规胸部X线片上显示的肺血管分布，可作为潜在病理生理变化的准确且敏感指标。肺与大多数其他人体器官系统一样，具有广泛的储备能力。这种储备表现为肺血管床中存在多余的肺泡容量，以补偿某些血管改变。这种可用的血管储备有可能用于补偿血管床大小（容量）与必须容纳的血液量（含量）之间出现失衡的情况。这种失衡可能是由于血管床大小因破坏或正常生理反应机制而减小，或者是由于流经血管床的血液量增加。无论是哪种情况或多种情况的组合，都需要动用可用的肺血管储备。认识到这种储备动用现象并理解其潜在的病理生理意义，有助于对胸部X线片进行相对复杂的诊断解读。
