Institute of Geography Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modelling, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Institute of Geography Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Feb 15;271:116320. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116320. Epub 2020 Dec 17.
Water pollution is an urgent problem that needs to be controlled via green transformation and the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB). Based on the water pollutant discharge and socio-economic database of prefecture-level cities in the YREB from 2011 to 2015, this study explores the spatiotemporal variations in water pollutant discharge in the YREB via two main indicators: chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH-N). Further, the spatial effects and determinants of water pollutant discharge are quantitatively estimated. The results show that (1) the water pollutant discharge in the YREB has decreased significantly, with the COD and NH-N discharge reduced by 10.46% and 10.79%, respectively, and the discharge reduction in the lower reaches was the most prominent; (2) the spatial pattern of water pollutant discharge in the YREB was generally stable and partially improved, and cities with a high rate of water pollutant reduction in the YREB were distributed in the main stream region of the Yangtze River and the intersection of the main stream and tributaries; (3) spatial effects had a significant impact on water pollutant discharge in the YREB, with regional cooperation and economic radiation through environmental management and control initially showing a combined reduction trend in regional water pollutants; and (4) determinants of population size and agricultural economic share declined to varying degrees at the end of the study period, although the urbanization level continued to increase, indicating that urbanization in the YREB occurred too quickly and that water pollutant discharge reduction was limited. However, economic development leading to the deterioration of the water environment was alleviated. In addition, foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and rapid industrialization processes must be monitored to increase the reduction in characteristic water pollutants.
水污染是一个亟待解决的问题，需要通过绿色转型和长江经济带（YREB）的发展来加以控制。本研究基于 2011 年至 2015 年长江经济带地级城市的水污染排放和社会经济数据库，通过两个主要指标（化学需氧量（COD）和氨氮（NH-N））来探讨长江经济带水污染排放的时空变化。进一步，定量估计了水污染排放的空间效应和决定因素。结果表明：（1）长江经济带的水污染排放量显著减少，COD 和 NH-N 的排放量分别减少了 10.46%和 10.79%，下游地区的减排最为显著；（2）长江经济带水污染排放的空间格局总体稳定，局部有所改善，水污染减排较快的城市分布在长江干流地区和干流与支流的交汇处；（3）空间效应对长江经济带的水污染排放有显著影响，通过环境管理和控制实现区域合作和经济辐射，初步呈现出区域水污染综合减排的趋势；（4）在研究期末，人口规模和农业经济份额等决定因素呈不同程度下降，尽管城市化水平持续提高，但长江经济带的城市化发展过快，水污染减排受到限制。然而，经济发展导致的水环境恶化得到了缓解。此外，必须监测外国直接投资（FDI）流入和快速工业化进程，以增加特征水污染的减排。
