Division of Neonatology, Semmelweis University 1st Department of Pediatrics, Bókay János utca 53-54., H-1083, Budapest, Hungary; Doctoral School of Psychology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Egry József utca 1., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Cognitive Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46., H-1064, Budapest, Hungary.
Infant Behav Dev. 2021 Feb;62:101520. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2020.101520. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Several papers pointed out that the language disorders are the most commonly reported cognitive deficits of the preterm (PT) infants. However, neither the exact interpretation (disrupted or delayed) of their language development nor the most powerful perinatal risk factors have been specified yet.
We aimed to determine whether postnatal development of prosodic processing of PT infants is disrupted or delayed in the first year of life? We also tested the role of Birth Weight (BW) and Gestational Age (GA) regarding the PT and full-term (FT) infants' language perception.
We registered the mismatch responses (MMR) of 34 PT (at 6 and 12 month of ages) and 33 FT infants (at 4 and 10 month of age) elicited by bisyllabic pseudo-words in two oddball conditions.
Contrary to their FT peers, younger PT group detected stress changes of the legal stress form only. Analogously, a positive MMR (P-MMR) was found for the legal form discrimination exclusively in PT12 group. Furthermore, the lack of sensitivity to the standard vs. deviant difference was identified in the PT infants. In PT infants, BW explained 21 % of the total variance of the P-MMR.
Consequently, we argue that the stress sensitivity of the PT infants is unimpaired, but their stress processing seems to be disrupted from the 6th month on. We suggest for further studies to take BW into account in studies using MMR paradigms in PT infants.
已有多篇论文指出，语言障碍是早产儿（PT）最常见的认知缺陷。然而，目前仍未明确其语言发展的确切解释（中断或延迟），也未确定最主要的围产期风险因素。
我们旨在确定 PT 婴儿在生命的第一年，其韵律处理的后天发展是中断还是延迟？我们还测试了出生体重（BW）和胎龄（GA）对 PT 和足月儿（FT）婴儿语言感知的作用。
我们记录了 34 名 PT 婴儿（6 个月和 12 个月）和 33 名 FT 婴儿（4 个月和 10 个月）在两种偶发条件下对双音节拟声词产生的错配响应（MMR）。
与 FT 婴儿的同龄人相比，年幼的 PT 组仅能检测到合法重音形式的重音变化。同样，仅在 PT12 组中发现了对合法形式的区分的正 MMR（P-MMR）。此外，PT 婴儿对标准与偏差差异的敏感性缺失。在 PT 婴儿中，BW 解释了 P-MMR 总方差的 21%。
因此，我们认为 PT 婴儿的重音敏感性未受损害，但他们的重音处理能力似乎从 6 个月大开始就受到干扰。我们建议在使用 MMR 范式对 PT 婴儿进行研究时，进一步考虑 BW 的影响。
