State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Curr Opin Virol. 2021 Feb;46:65-72. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2020.12.001. Epub 2020 Dec 25.
Molecular plant-virus interactions provide an excellent model to understanding host antiviral immunity and viral counter-defense mechanisms. The primary antiviral defense is triggered inside the infected plant cell by virus-derived small-interfering RNAs, which guide homology-dependent RNA interference (RNAi) and/or RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) to target RNA and DNA viruses. In counter-defense, plant viruses have independently evolved viral suppressors of RNAi (VSRs) to specifically antagonize antiviral RNAi. Recent studies have shown that plant antiviral responses are regulated by endogenous small silencing RNAs, RNA decay and autophagy and that some known VSRs of plant RNA and DNA viruses also target these newly recognized defense responses to promote infection. This review focuses on these recent advances that have revealed multilayered regulation of plant-virus interactions.
分子植物-病毒相互作用为理解宿主抗病毒免疫和病毒反防御机制提供了一个极好的模型。最初的抗病毒防御是由病毒衍生的小干扰 RNA 在感染的植物细胞内触发的，这些 RNA 指导同源依赖性 RNA 干扰 (RNAi) 和/或 RNA 指导的 DNA 甲基化 (RdDM) 来靶向 RNA 和 DNA 病毒。在反防御中，植物病毒独立进化出了抗病毒 RNAi 的病毒抑制子 (VSR)，以特异性拮抗抗病毒 RNAi。最近的研究表明，植物抗病毒反应受内源性小沉默 RNA、RNA 降解和自噬的调控，一些已知的植物 RNA 和 DNA 病毒的 VSR 也靶向这些新发现的防御反应以促进感染。本综述重点介绍了这些最新进展，这些进展揭示了植物-病毒相互作用的多层次调控。
