印度兽医工作相关伤害和事故的风险因素及患病率
Risk factors and prevalence of work-related injuries and accidents among veterinarians in India.
作者信息
Mishra SukhDev, Palkhade Rajendra
机构信息
ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
出版信息
Vet World. 2020 Nov;13(11):2555-2564. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2555-2564. Epub 2020 Nov 30.
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Veterinary medicine is a high-risk occupation and imparts a risk of physical injuries due to the unpredictable nature of the animals and workplace conditions. This study aimed to identify the associated risk factors and prevalence of work-related injuries, and automobile accidents among veterinarians in India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study was carried out among veterinarians (n=565). The responses were recorded using a self-administered questionnaire on work-related injuries, automobile accidents, and physical hazards.
RESULTS
Work-related injuries due to animals in the past 2 years were reported by more than half of veterinarians (prevalence=54.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI]=50.58-58.79), while two-thirds experienced workplace injuries due to animals during any time of their career. The risk for injury was 1.1 times higher (odds ratio=1.1, 95% CI=0.611, 1.981) for veterinarians with a long job duration (>10 years). Large animal practicing veterinarians faced a higher (2.03 times) risk of injury. Workplace absenteeism due to animal-related injury (up to 15 or more days) was reported by 25.9% (95% CI=22.44-29.68) of respondents, including hospitalizations for 7.8% of veterinarians. More than half of veterinarians suffered from automobile injuries (prevalence=60.9%, 95% CI=6.8-64.8) due to work-related travel in the past 2 years, resulting in workplace absenteeism for 56.2% (95% CI=51.46-60.97) of subjects. The prevalence of needlestick injury among veterinarians was very high and reported as 80.9% (95% CI=77.49-83.99). Recapping of needles significantly increased the risk of needlestick injury by 1.67 times.
CONCLUSION
Veterinarians are at risk of work-related injuries, including automobile accidents. Kicking by animals and needlestick injuries were the most frequent physical hazards. Recapping of needles and responding to emergency calls at night were significant risk factors for needlestick injury and automobile accidents, respectively.
背景与目的
兽医是一项高风险职业，由于动物的不可预测性和工作场所条件，存在身体受伤的风险。本研究旨在确定印度兽医中与工作相关的伤害、汽车事故的相关风险因素及患病率。
材料与方法
对565名兽医进行了一项横断面研究。使用一份关于工作相关伤害、汽车事故和身体危害的自填式问卷记录回答。
结果
超过一半的兽医报告在过去2年中因动物导致工作相关伤害（患病率=54.7%，95%置信区间[CI]=50.58-58.79），而三分之二的兽医在其职业生涯中的任何时候都经历过因动物导致的工作场所伤害。工作年限长（>10年）的兽医受伤风险高1.1倍（优势比=1.1，95%CI=0.611，1.981）。从事大型动物诊疗的兽医面临更高（2.03倍）的受伤风险。25.9%（95%CI=22.44-29.68）的受访者报告因动物相关伤害导致工作场所缺勤（长达15天或更长时间），其中7.8%的兽医住院治疗。超过一半的兽医在过去2年中因工作相关出行遭受汽车伤害（患病率=60.9%，95%CI=6.8-64.8），导致56.2%（95%CI=51.46-60.97）的受试者工作场所缺勤。兽医中针刺伤的患病率非常高，报告为80.9%（95%CI=77.49-83.99）。重新盖帽显著增加针刺伤风险1.67倍。
结论
兽医存在与工作相关的伤害风险，包括汽车事故。被动物踢伤和针刺伤是最常见的身体危害。重新盖帽和夜间接听紧急电话分别是针刺伤和汽车事故的重要风险因素。
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