Yelverton Tiffany L B, Brashear Angelina T, Nash David G, Brown James E, Singer Carl F, Kariher Peter H, Ryan Jeffrey V, Burnette Preston
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air and Energy Management Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States.
ORISE Participant, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air and Energy Management Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States.
Fuel (Lond). 2020 Mar 15;264.
Emissions generated from the combustion of coal have been a subject of regulation by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and State agencies for years, as they have been associated with adverse effects on human health and the environment. Over the past several decades, regulations on these facility emissions have become more stringent and have therefore caused industry to look toward new pre- and post-combustion control technologies. In more recent years, there has been a "push" toward renewable and cleaner burning alternative fuels as replacements for traditional fossil fuels. Part of this "push" has been accomplished by States and Regions offering incentives and options for renewable portfolios, which over half of the states now have in some form. The current study investigates the potential changes in both gaseous and particulate emissions from the use of a variety of woody biomass materials as a drop-in replacement for coal as compared to use of 100% bituminous coal. Four different biomass materials are blended individually with coal at 20% and 40% by mass for testing on the U.S. EPA's Multi-Pollutant Control Research Facility, a pilot-scale coal-fired facility located in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Emissions are calculated based on measurements from the flue gas to characterize gaseous species (CO, CO, NO, SO, other acid gases, and several organic hazardous air pollutants) as well as fine and ultrafine particulate (mass, size distribution, number count, elemental carbon, organic carbon, and black carbon) and compared among each combination of fuels and 100% bituminous coal.
多年来，煤炭燃烧产生的排放物一直是美国环境保护局（U.S. EPA）和各州机构监管的对象，因为它们与对人类健康和环境的不利影响有关。在过去几十年里，对这些设施排放物的监管变得更加严格，因此促使行业寻求新的燃烧前和燃烧后控制技术。近年来，人们一直在“推动”使用可再生和更清洁的替代燃料来取代传统化石燃料。这种“推动”的一部分是由各州和地区通过提供可再生能源组合的激励措施和选择来实现的，现在超过一半的州都以某种形式拥有这些措施。本研究调查了与使用100%烟煤相比，使用各种木质生物质材料直接替代煤炭时气态和颗粒物排放的潜在变化。四种不同的生物质材料分别与煤炭按质量比20%和40%混合，在美国环境保护局位于北卡罗来纳州研究三角园的中试规模燃煤设施——多污染物控制研究设施上进行测试。排放物是根据烟道气的测量值计算得出的，以表征气态物质（一氧化碳、二氧化碳、一氧化氮、二氧化硫、其他酸性气体和几种有机有害空气污染物）以及细颗粒物和超细颗粒物（质量、粒径分布、数量计数、元素碳、有机碳和黑碳），并在每种燃料组合与100%烟煤之间进行比较。
