Institute of Crop Science, National Agricultural and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan.
Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan.
J Exp Bot. 2021 Mar 29;72(7):2371-2382. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa605.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are popular tools for high-throughput phenotyping of crops in the field. However, their use for evaluation of individual lines is limited in crop breeding because research on what the UAV image data represent is still developing. Here, we investigated the connection between shoot biomass of rice plants and the vegetation fraction (VF) estimated from high-resolution orthomosaic images taken by a UAV 10 m above a field during the vegetative stage. Haplotype-based genome-wide association studies of multi-parental advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) lines revealed four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for VF. VF was correlated with shoot biomass, but the haplotype effect on VF was better correlated with that on shoot biomass at these QTLs. Further genetic characterization revealed the relationships between these QTLs and plant spreading habit, final shoot biomass and panicle weight. Thus, genetic analysis using high-throughput phenotyping data derived from low-altitude, high-resolution UAV images during early stages of rice growing in the field provides insights into plant growth, architecture, final biomass, and yield.
无人机 (UAV) 是在田间进行高通量作物表型分析的流行工具。然而，由于对 UAV 图像数据代表的内容的研究仍在发展，因此它们在作物育种中的个体品系评估中的应用受到限制。在这里，我们研究了水稻植株地上部分生物量与植被分数 (VF) 之间的关系，VF 是通过在营养生长阶段从距田地 10 米高的无人机拍摄的高分辨率正射镶嵌图像估计得出的。基于单倍型的多亲本高级世代互交 (MAGIC) 系全基因组关联研究揭示了 VF 的四个数量性状位点 (QTL)。VF 与地上部分生物量相关，但在这些 QTL 上，VF 的单倍型效应与地上部分生物量的单倍型效应更好地相关。进一步的遗传特征分析揭示了这些 QTL 与植物展开习性、最终地上部分生物量和穗重之间的关系。因此，使用源自田间水稻生长早期低空、高分辨率 UAV 图像的高通量表型数据进行的遗传分析为植物生长、结构、最终生物量和产量提供了深入了解。
