Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, California.
Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
Neuro Oncol. 2021 Mar 25;23(3):356-375. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa277.
Cancer immunotherapy has made remarkable advances with over 50 separate Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals as first- or second-line indications since 2015. These include immune checkpoint blocking antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor-transduced T cells, and bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies. While multiple cancer types now benefit from these immunotherapies, notable exceptions thus far include brain tumors, such as glioblastoma. As such, it seems critical to gain a better understanding of unique mechanistic challenges underlying the resistance of malignant gliomas to immunotherapy, as well as to acquire insights into the development of future strategies. An Immuno-Oncology Think Tank Meeting was held during the 2019 Annual Society for Neuro-Oncology Scientific Conference. Discussants in the fields of neuro-oncology, neurosurgery, neuro-imaging, medical oncology, and cancer immunology participated in the meeting. Sessions focused on topics such as the tumor microenvironment, myeloid cells, T-cell dysfunction, cellular engineering, and translational aspects that are critical and unique challenges inherent with primary brain tumors. In this review, we summarize the discussions and the key messages from the meeting, which may potentially serve as a basis for advancing the field of immune neuro-oncology in a collaborative manner.
自 2015 年以来，癌症免疫疗法取得了显著进展，已有超过 50 种单独的食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 批准作为一线或二线适应证。这些包括免疫检查点阻断抗体、嵌合抗原受体修饰的 T 细胞和双特异性 T 细胞结合抗体。虽然现在多种癌症类型都受益于这些免疫疗法，但迄今为止，显著的例外包括脑肿瘤，如胶质母细胞瘤。因此，似乎必须更好地了解恶性胶质瘤对免疫疗法产生耐药性的独特机制挑战，并深入了解未来策略的发展。在 2019 年神经肿瘤学年会期间举行了一次肿瘤免疫治疗学智囊小组会议。神经肿瘤学、神经外科、神经影像学、肿瘤内科和癌症免疫学领域的讨论者参加了会议。会议重点讨论了肿瘤微环境、髓样细胞、T 细胞功能障碍、细胞工程以及与原发性脑肿瘤相关的关键和独特挑战的转化方面等主题。在这篇综述中，我们总结了会议的讨论和关键信息，这可能为以协作方式推进免疫神经肿瘤学领域提供依据。
