Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Semin Thromb Hemost. 2021 Feb;47(1):26-31. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1718889. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
New emerging evidence is now prompting researchers to devote greater focus on the roles played by red blood cells (RBCs) in hemostasis. This short narrative review aims to outline the available research, past and current, that has revealed the role of RBCs in hemostasis, particularly blood clotting. Although early researchers suggested that RBCs were involved in blood clotting, they had insufficient evidence to support such claims. As a result, this area of research received little attention from other scientists. Early researchers primarily used quantitative measures of RBCs, namely hematocrit or RBC count, as higher numbers of RBCs modulate blood rheology by increasing viscosity. Recent research has instead shed light on the different measures of RBC function, such as expression of phosphatidylserine and adhesive proteins, aggregation, hemolysis, release of extracellular microvesicles, and erythrocyte volume. RBCs play a role in the contraction of clots by platelets, and the resulting densely packed array of polyhedral erythrocytes forms an almost impermeable barrier that is essential for hemostasis and wound healing. Renewed interest in RBCs is primarily due to the clinically and experimentally established relationships between erythrocytes and hemostasis, which have suggested that erythrocytes are potential targets for the treatment of hemostatic disturbances.
新出现的证据促使研究人员更加关注红细胞（RBCs）在止血中的作用。本综述旨在概述过去和现在的可用研究，这些研究揭示了 RBCs 在止血中的作用，特别是在血液凝结中的作用。尽管早期研究人员表明 RBCs 参与了血液凝结，但他们没有足够的证据支持这些说法。因此，这一研究领域没有得到其他科学家的关注。早期研究人员主要使用 RBC 的定量测量方法，即血细胞比容或 RBC 计数，因为较高数量的 RBC 通过增加粘度来调节血液流变学。最近的研究则揭示了 RBC 功能的不同测量方法，如磷脂酰丝氨酸和粘附蛋白的表达、聚集、溶血、细胞外微泡的释放以及红细胞体积。RBC 通过血小板收缩在血栓收缩中发挥作用，形成的多面体形红细胞密集排列形成几乎不可渗透的屏障，这对于止血和伤口愈合至关重要。对 RBC 的重新关注主要是由于临床上和实验上已经确立的红细胞与止血之间的关系，这表明红细胞是治疗止血紊乱的潜在靶点。
