Tittlbach Susanne A, Hoffmann Sascha W, Bennie Jason A
Department of Social and Health Sciences in Sport, Institute of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
Department of Theory and Practice of Sports and Movement Fields, Institute of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2022 Mar;22(3):436-446. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2020.1870161. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
German national physical activity guidelines specify adults (≥18 years) should engage in at least: (i) 150 min of aerobic moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity/week (MVPA); and (ii) muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) 2 days/week. However, the relationship between MVPA and MSE and overweight/obesity has not been examined among German adults. Aim of this study was to examine whether meeting the guidelines for both MVPA and MSE is associated with a lower prevalence of overweight/obesity compared to meeting MVPA or MSE alone or none of them, among a nationally representative sample of German adults.
The cross-sectional study drew data from the 2014 German Health Update (GEDA) (n=22,822; ≥18 years). Physical activity (MVPA-MSE), height/weight, socio-demographic, health and lifestyle factors were assessed by self-report via validated questionnaires. Generalized linear models with Poisson regression were used to assess prevalence ratios of Body Mass Index-derived (BMI) overweight/obesity across categories of physical activity guideline adherence (met neither; MSE only; MVPA only; met both).
Compared to other physical activity groups, meeting both the MVPA-MSE guidelines was associated with the lowest prevalence rate of overweight/obesity (Adjusted Prevalence Ratios [APR] range: 0.25-0.73). Associations between BMI and physical activity were strongest among Class II obesity (APR range: 0.25-0.45). The associations remained consistent after adjusting sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.
Meeting the combined MVPA-MSE guideline, as suggested in the German national physical activity recommendations, showed the lowest overweight/obesity prevalence. Promoting uptake and adherence of both MVPA and MSE at the population level could help to reduce the public health burden of obesity. Meeting both muscle strengthening and aerobic exercise guidelines show the lowest overweight/obesity prevalence in a German representative sample of adults. Promoting uptake and adherence of both MVPA and MSE at the population level could help to reduce the public health burden of obesity.
德国国家体育活动指南规定成年人（≥18岁）应至少：（i）每周进行150分钟的有氧中等至剧烈强度体育活动（MVPA）；以及（ii）每周进行2天的肌肉强化锻炼（MSE）。然而，在德国成年人中，MVPA和MSE与超重/肥胖之间的关系尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是在具有全国代表性的德国成年人样本中，考察与单独达到MVPA或MSE指南或两者均未达到相比，同时达到MVPA和MSE指南是否与较低的超重/肥胖患病率相关。
这项横断面研究从2014年德国健康更新调查（GEDA）（n = 22,822；≥18岁）中提取数据。通过经过验证的问卷，采用自我报告的方式评估体育活动（MVPA - MSE）、身高/体重、社会人口统计学、健康和生活方式因素。使用带有泊松回归的广义线性模型来评估在体育活动指南遵守类别（两者均未达到；仅MSE；仅MVPA；两者均达到）中，基于体重指数（BMI）的超重/肥胖患病率比。
与其他体育活动组相比，同时达到MVPA - MSE指南与最低的超重/肥胖患病率相关（调整患病率比[APR]范围：0.25 - 0.73）。BMI与体育活动之间的关联在II类肥胖人群中最为显著（APR范围：0.25 - 0.45）。在调整社会人口统计学和生活方式因素后，这些关联仍然一致。
如德国国家体育活动建议中所建议的，同时达到MVPA - MSE指南显示出最低的超重/肥胖患病率。在人群层面促进MVPA和MSE的参与和坚持，有助于减轻肥胖对公共健康的负担。在德国具有代表性的成年人样本中，同时达到肌肉强化和有氧运动指南显示出最低的超重/肥胖患病率。在人群层面促进MVPA和MSE的参与和坚持，有助于减轻肥胖对公共健康的负担。
