Kranen Sascha H, Oliveira Ricardo S, Bond Bert, Williams Craig A, Barker Alan R
Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Exp Physiol. 2021 Apr;106(4):913-924. doi: 10.1113/EP089159. Epub 2021 Jan 22.
What is the central question of this study? What is the effect of high-intensity and moderate-intensity interval running on macro- and microvascular function in a fasted state and following a glucose challenge in adolescents? What is the main finding and its importance? Both macro- and microvascular function were improved after interval running independent of intensity. This finding shows that the intermittent exercise pattern and its associated effect on shear are important for vascular benefits. In adolescents, macrovascular function was enhanced after an acute glucose load. However, the effect of chronic glucose consumption on vascular function remains to be elucidated.
Interventions targeting vascular function in youth are an important strategy for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. This study examined, in adolescents, the effect of high-intensity interval running (HIIR) and moderate-intensity interval running (MIIR) on vascular function in a fasted state and postprandially after a glucose challenge. Fifteen adolescents (13 male, 13.9 ± 0.6 years) completed the following conditions on separate days in a counterbalanced order: (1) 8 × 1 min HIIR interspersed with 75 s recovery; (2) distance-matched amount of 1 min MIIR interspersed with 75 s recovery; and (3) rest (CON). Macro- (flow-mediated dilatation, FMD) and microvascular (peak reactive hyperaemia, PRH) function were assessed immediately before and 90 min after exercise/rest. Participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2 h after exercise/rest before another assessment of vascular function 90 min after the OGTT. Following exercise, both HIIR and MIIR increased FMD (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively) and PRH (P = 0.04, and P = 0.01, respectively) with no change in CON (FMD: P = 0.51; PRH: P = 0.16) and no significant differences between exercise conditions. Following the OGTT, FMD increased in CON (P < 0.01) with no changes in HIIR and MIIR (both P > 0.59). There was no change in PRH after the OGTT (all P > 0.40). In conclusion, vascular function is improved after interval running independent of intensity in adolescents. Acute hyperglycaemia increased FMD, but prior exercise did not change vascular function after the OGTT in youth.
本研究的核心问题是什么？高强度和中等强度间歇跑对青少年空腹状态以及葡萄糖负荷后大血管和微血管功能有何影响？主要发现及其重要性是什么？间歇跑后大血管和微血管功能均得到改善，与强度无关。这一发现表明，间歇运动模式及其对剪切力的相关影响对血管益处至关重要。在青少年中，急性葡萄糖负荷后大血管功能增强。然而，长期葡萄糖摄入对血管功能的影响仍有待阐明。
针对青少年血管功能的干预措施是心血管疾病一级预防的重要策略。本研究在青少年中考察了高强度间歇跑（HIIR）和中等强度间歇跑（MIIR）在空腹状态以及葡萄糖负荷后餐后对血管功能的影响。15名青少年（13名男性，年龄13.9±0.6岁）在不同日期以平衡顺序完成以下情况：（1）8组1分钟高强度间歇跑，每组间歇75秒；（2）距离匹配的1分钟中等强度间歇跑，每组间歇75秒；（3）休息（CON）。在运动/休息前及运动/休息后90分钟评估大血管（血流介导的扩张，FMD）和微血管（峰值反应性充血，PRH）功能。参与者在运动/休息后2小时进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT），并在OGTT后90分钟再次评估血管功能。运动后，高强度间歇跑和中等强度间歇跑均使FMD增加（分别为P = 0.02和P = 0.03）以及PRH增加（分别为P = 0.04和P = 0.01），而休息组无变化（FMD：P = 0.51；PRH：P = 0.16），且运动情况之间无显著差异。OGTT后，休息组FMD增加（P < 0.01），高强度间歇跑和中等强度间歇跑组无变化（均为P > 0.59）。OGTT后PRH无变化（所有P > 0.40）。总之，青少年间歇跑后血管功能得到改善，与强度无关。急性高血糖增加了FMD，但青少年运动前OGTT后血管功能未发生变化。
