Souza Doris Sobral Marques, Tápparo Deisi Cristine, Rogovski Paula, Cadamuro Rafael Dorighello, de Souza Estêvão Brasiliense, da Silva Raphael, Degenhardt Roberto, Lindner Juliano De Dea, Viancelli Aline, Michelon William, Kunz Airton, Treichel Helen, Hernández Marta, Rodríguez-Lázaro David, Fongaro Gislaine
Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88034-001, Brazil.
Microorganisms. 2020 Dec 21;8(12):2045. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8122045.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important enteric agent that can circulate in swine; it is excreted in manure, and of zoonotic interest. The present study investigated, by RT-qPCR, the circulation of HEV in swine manure from different types of pig farms (maternity, nursery, and grow-finish farms) in Santa Catarina State, the major pig production area of Brazil, and also evaluated the HEV removal efficiency of psychrophilic anaerobic biodigesters (PABs). While HEV was consistently detected in manure from grow-finish pig farms (>4 log HEV genome copies (GC) L), the virus was not detected in manure from maternity and nursery farms. These findings suggest a potential high biosafety status during primary-swine production, with a subsequent contamination in grow-finish production. The anaerobic biodigestion process reduced more than 2 log HEV GC in the processed swine manure. However, the virus concentration in final effluent remained high, with an average value of 3.85 log HEV GC L. Consequently, our results demonstrate that PABs can be a robust tool for effective inactivation of HEV, while reinforcing the need for sanitary surveillance and legislation of swine manure-derived biofertilizers, to avoid the spread of zoonotic enteric pathogens such as HEV.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）是一种重要的肠道病原体，可在猪群中传播；它随粪便排出，具有人畜共患病传播的风险。本研究通过逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR），调查了巴西主要生猪产区圣卡塔琳娜州不同类型猪场（产房、保育舍和育肥舍）猪粪中HEV的传播情况，并评估了嗜冷厌氧生物消化器（PAB）对HEV的去除效率。虽然在育肥猪场的粪便中持续检测到HEV（>4 log HEV基因组拷贝数（GC）/L），但在产房和保育舍的粪便中未检测到该病毒。这些发现表明，在生猪初级生产阶段可能具有较高的生物安全状态，而在育肥生产阶段会出现后续污染。厌氧生物消化过程使处理后的猪粪中HEV GC减少了2个对数以上。然而，最终流出物中的病毒浓度仍然很高，平均值为3.85 log HEV GC/L。因此，我们的结果表明，PAB可以成为有效灭活HEV的有力工具，同时强化了对猪粪衍生生物肥料进行卫生监测和立法的必要性，以避免人畜共患肠道病原体如HEV的传播。
