Liu Zhao, Zhou Hong, Cao Wen-Jia, Liu Wei, Lan Sheng-Tao
Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Jan 8;42(1):175-183. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202006050.
In order to assess the health risks of heavy metals in surface water of Qingjiang River, surface water samples were taken at designed cross-sections of the river and analyzed for Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As, and Mn. Health risks from these heavy metals for adults and children in wet and dry seasons were compared by water environmental health risk assessment model of the USEPA. It found that the main excessive element is Mn, concentrating in the Danshui, Yantouxi, and Pingluoxi, the slightly excessive element is As, the concentration of Mn was above national standard, and it mainly distributed in Danshui, Yantouxi, and Pingluoxi, As was slightiy over the standard, and it concentrated in Wujiahe, The content of heavy metals during wet season were all higher than those during dry season. Cr, Cu, Zn, and Cd are mainly originated from the nature, Pb and As are separately mainly originated from traffic and agriculture, Mn originated from mining mainly in the downstream, while it has natural source from upper to middle. The health risks of heavy metals in surface water to adults and children in wet season are higher than those in dry season. The main health risk area was the midstream. As was the highest health risk element and children were the most preventive group. Specially, people in towns who drink the water from midstream should pay more attention.
为评估清江地表水重金属的健康风险，在该河的设计断面采集地表水样本，分析其中铬、铜、锌、铅、镉、砷和锰的含量。采用美国环境保护局（USEPA）的水环境健康风险评估模型，比较了这些重金属在干湿季对成人和儿童的健康风险。结果发现，主要超标元素为锰，集中在丹水、岩头溪和平洛溪；轻度超标元素为砷，锰的浓度高于国家标准，主要分布在丹水、岩头溪和平洛溪，砷略超标，集中在伍家河；湿季重金属含量均高于干季。铬、铜、锌和镉主要源于自然，铅和砷分别主要源于交通和农业，锰在下游主要源于采矿，在上中游有自然来源。地表水重金属对成人和儿童的健康风险在湿季高于干季。主要健康风险区域在中游。砷是健康风险最高的元素，儿童是最需防范的群体。特别是，饮用中游水源的城镇居民应格外关注。
