Zhao Jia, Rao Ben-Qiang, Guo Xiu-Mei, Gao Jin-Yong
School of Education, Xinyang University, Xinyang 464000, China.
College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Jan 8;42(1):485-491. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202003199.
Microplastics have been frequently detected in aquatic environments, and there are increasing concerns about the potential effects on aquatic organisms. In this study, the effects on hatching and the intestinal accumulation in embryos and larvae exposed to two sizes of polystyrene (PS) microplastics were evaluated. The two PS were green fluorescent polyethylene microplastics with 10 μm size (10GF-PM) and red fluorescent polystyrene microplastics with 0.5 μm size (0.5RF-PM). The results showed no significant difference between hatching rates compared with that of the control group of embryos after exposure for three days at 10-500 mg·L 10GF-PM, while the incubation rate was 37% at 500 mg·L 0.5RF-PM. The average survival rates of five day post fertilization larvae exposed to 10, 100, 200, and 500 mg·L 10GF-PM solutions were 80%, 54%, 44%, and 41%, and were 62%, 37%, 25%, and 12% in corresponding concentration of 0.5RF-PM solutions. A quantitative fluorescence analysis showed that the accumulation of 10GF-PM and 0.5RF-PM in larval intestines increased with the increase in the microplastic concentration, and the fluorescence values were 0.06, 0.53, and 1.84 and 0.63, 2.32, and 3.45 after exposure to 10, 100, and 500 mg·L 10GF-PM and 0.5RF-PM solutions for 0.5 h, and were 0.03, 0.08, and 0.56 and 0.06, 0.41, and 1.56 after transferred larval to clear water for 24 h, respectively. The negative effect of microplastics on zebrafish was related to the concentration and particle size:the higher the concentration, the lower the embryo hatching rates; the smaller the particle size, the easier it was to accumulate in the intestines.
微塑料已在水生环境中被频繁检测到，人们对其对水生生物的潜在影响也越来越担忧。在本研究中，评估了暴露于两种尺寸的聚苯乙烯（PS）微塑料对胚胎和幼体孵化及肠道积累的影响。这两种PS微塑料分别是10μm大小的绿色荧光聚乙烯微塑料（10GF - PM）和0.5μm大小的红色荧光聚苯乙烯微塑料（0.5RF - PM）。结果显示，在10 - 500mg·L的10GF - PM中暴露三天后，与对照组胚胎的孵化率相比无显著差异，而在500mg·L的0.5RF - PM中孵化率为37%。受精后五天的幼体暴露于10、100、200和500mg·L的10GF - PM溶液中的平均存活率分别为80%、54%、44%和41%，在相应浓度的0.5RF - PM溶液中的平均存活率分别为62%、37%、25%和12%。定量荧光分析表明，10GF - PM和0.5RF - PM在幼体肠道中的积累量随微塑料浓度的增加而增加，在暴露于10、100和500mg·L的10GF - PM和0.5RF - PM溶液0.5小时后，荧光值分别为0.06、0.53和1.84以及0.63、2.32和3.45，在幼体转移至清水24小时后，荧光值分别为0.03、0.08和0.56以及0.06、0.41和1.56。微塑料对斑马鱼的负面影响与浓度和粒径有关：浓度越高，胚胎孵化率越低；粒径越小，越容易在肠道中积累。
