Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea.
Livestock Division, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea.
Vet Med Sci. 2021 May;7(3):735-745. doi: 10.1002/vms3.418. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
Meat from Jeju native pigs (JNPs) is highly popular among Korean consumers; however, the production efficiency is limited due to the low adult body weight. In contrast, the Berkshire breed, which has a genetic background closely related to Asian native pigs, gains weight more efficiently.
This study focused on the differential expression of genes related to muscle growth in postnatal myogenesis between Berkshire and JNPs, specifically the myogenic regulatory factor (MRF) genes (MyoD, Pax7, Myf5, Myf6 and MyBPH). The MRF family is primarily involved in the proliferation and development of muscle.
Qualitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses revealed that expression of MyoD and Pax7 was significantly higher in Berkshire pigs than in JNPs. In addition, co-expression of MyoD and Pax7 was observed in myotubes formed in cultured C2C12 cells. ToppCluster was used to elucidate the relationship between biological processes of the MRFs and muscle-related signalling pathways.
MyoD and Pax7 are factors essential for the activation of satellite cell during myogenesis. However, the mRNA and protein levels of MyBPH (which is responsible for meat quality, e.g. water content, colour and tenderness) are significantly higher in both 1-day-old piglets and adult JNPs than in Berkshire pigs.
This study provides a genetic understanding of myogenesis in the postnatal and adult stages of Berkshire pigs and JNPs. Moreover, these results will help identify marker genes related to muscle mass, growth performance and meat quality in indigenous Korean pig breeds.
济州黑猪（JNPs）的肉质深受韩国消费者喜爱；然而，由于成年体重较低，其生产效率有限。相比之下，与亚洲本地猪具有密切遗传背景的伯克希尔猪的增重效率更高。
本研究专注于伯克希尔猪和 JNPs 之间出生后肌发生过程中与肌肉生长相关的基因的差异表达，特别是肌生成调节因子（MRF）基因（MyoD、Pax7、Myf5、Myf6 和 MyBPH）。MRF 家族主要参与肌肉的增殖和发育。
定性逆转录聚合酶链反应和 Western blot 分析表明，MyoD 和 Pax7 在伯克希尔猪中的表达明显高于 JNPs。此外，在培养的 C2C12 细胞形成的肌管中观察到 MyoD 和 Pax7 的共表达。ToppCluster 用于阐明 MRFs 的生物学过程与肌肉相关信号通路之间的关系。
MyoD 和 Pax7 是肌发生过程中卫星细胞激活所必需的因子。然而，MyBPH（负责肉质，例如水分含量、颜色和嫩度）的 mRNA 和蛋白质水平在 1 日龄仔猪和成年 JNPs 中均显著高于伯克希尔猪。
本研究提供了对伯克希尔猪和 JNPs 出生后和成年阶段肌发生的遗传理解。此外，这些结果将有助于鉴定与肌肉量、生长性能和韩国本土猪种肉质相关的标记基因。
