Contreras M A, Cheung O T, Sanders D E, Goldstein R S
Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, West Park Hospital, Ontario, Canada.
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Jan;137(1):149-52. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/137.1.149.
Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections (NTM) are being increasingly recognized as a cause of chronic pulmonary disease. We recently reviewed the clinical, radiologic, and bacteriologic presentation of 89 adult patients ill enough to have been hospitalized between 1981 and 1985 with the diagnosis of NTM. Preexisting lung disease was present in 82% and alcohol abuse in 40%. Although M. avium complex was identified in 51% of the patients, M. xenopi, which is usually reported to occur infrequently, accounted for 38% of our cases and M. kansasii for only 9%. Treatment was limited by a high incidence of associated disease, in vitro drug resistance, drug toxicity, and a mortality rate of 32% within 18 months of admission. Nevertheless, bacteriologic conversion occurred in 29% of those treated. M. xenopi appears to be an important pathogen in southern Ontario. It differs from the other NTM by having a different pattern of in vitro drug resistance but not by its clinical or radiologic presentation.
非结核分枝杆菌感染（NTM）日益被认为是慢性肺部疾病的一个病因。我们最近回顾了1981年至1985年间因NTM诊断而住院的89例成年患者的临床、放射学和细菌学表现。82%的患者存在既往肺部疾病，40%的患者有酗酒问题。虽然51%的患者中鉴定出鸟分枝杆菌复合群，但通常报道较少见的偶发分枝杆菌占我们病例的38%，堪萨斯分枝杆菌仅占9%。治疗受到相关疾病高发病率、体外耐药性、药物毒性以及入院后18个月内32%的死亡率的限制。然而，接受治疗的患者中有29%实现了细菌学转阴。偶发分枝杆菌似乎是安大略省南部的一种重要病原体。它与其他NTM的不同之处在于具有不同的体外耐药模式，但其临床或放射学表现并无差异。
