Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines- Diliman, Velasquez Street, Quezon City 1101, Philippines.
Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Dec 23;13(1):7. doi: 10.3390/toxins13010007.
and are two closely related harmful algal bloom (HAB)-causing species with different toxicity. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics and two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), a comprehensive characterization of the proteomes of and was performed to identify the cellular and molecular underpinnings for the dissimilarity between these two species. A total of 1436 proteins and 420 protein spots were identified using iTRAQ-based proteomics and 2D-DIGE, respectively. Both methods revealed little difference (10-12%) between the proteomes of and , highlighting that these organisms follow similar cellular and biological processes at the exponential stage. Toxin biosynthetic enzymes were present in both organisms. However, the gonyautoxin-producing showed higher levels of osmotic growth proteins, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and type-I polyketide synthase compared to the non-toxic . Further, had increased S-adenosylmethionine transferase that may potentially have a negative feedback mechanism to toxin biosynthesis. The complementary proteomics approach provided insights into the biochemistry of these two closely related HAB-causing organisms. The identified proteins are potential biomarkers for organismal toxicity and could be explored for environmental monitoring.
和 是两种密切相关的产生有害藻华（HAB）的物种，具有不同的毒性。使用基于等压标签的相对和绝对定量（iTRAQ）定量蛋白质组学和二维差异凝胶电泳（2D-DIGE），对 和 进行了全面的蛋白质组学表征，以确定这两个物种之间差异的细胞和分子基础。使用 iTRAQ 蛋白质组学和 2D-DIGE 分别鉴定了 1436 种蛋白质和 420 个蛋白质斑点。这两种方法都揭示了 和 之间的蛋白质组差异很小（10-12%），突出了这些生物体在指数阶段遵循相似的细胞和生物学过程。两种生物体都存在毒素生物合成酶。然而，与非毒性 相比，产生 GTX 的 显示出更高水平的渗透生长蛋白、Zn 依赖性醇脱氢酶和 I 型聚酮合酶。此外， 中增加了 S-腺苷甲硫氨酸转移酶，这可能对毒素生物合成具有负反馈机制。互补蛋白质组学方法深入了解了这两种密切相关的产生 HAB 的生物体的生物化学。鉴定出的蛋白质可能是生物体毒性的潜在生物标志物，并可用于环境监测。
