Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
Center for Advanced Medical and Life Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 23;22(1):92. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010092.
One of the most important challenges facing researchers in the field of regenerative medicine is to develop methods to introduce vascular networks into bioengineered tissues. Although cell scaffolds that slowly release angiogenic factors can promote post-transplantation angiogenesis, they cannot be used to construct thick tissues because of the time required for sufficient vascular network formation. Recently, the co-culture of graft tissue with vascular cells before transplantation has attracted attention as a way of promoting capillary angiogenesis. Although the co-cultured vascular cells can directly contribute to blood vessel formation within the tissue, a key objective that needs to be met is the construction of a continuous circulatory structure. Previously described strategies to reconstruct blood vessels include the culture of endothelial cells in a scaffold that contains microchannels or within the original vascular framework after decellularization of an entire organ. The technique, as developed by authors, involves the progressive stacking of three-layered cell sheets onto a vascular bed to induce the formation of a capillary network within the cell sheets. This approach enables the construction of thick, functional tissue of high cell density that can be transplanted by anastomosing its artery and vein (provided by the vascular bed) with host blood vessels.
再生医学领域的研究人员面临的最重要挑战之一是开发将血管网络引入生物工程组织的方法。虽然缓慢释放血管生成因子的细胞支架可以促进移植后的血管生成，但由于需要足够的血管网络形成时间，它们不能用于构建厚组织。最近，在移植前与血管细胞共培养移植物组织作为促进毛细血管血管生成的一种方式引起了关注。虽然共培养的血管细胞可以直接促进组织内血管的形成，但需要满足的一个关键目标是构建连续的循环结构。以前描述的重建血管的策略包括在包含微通道的支架中培养内皮细胞，或者在整个器官去细胞化后在原始血管框架内培养。作者开发的技术涉及将三层细胞片逐步堆叠到血管床上，以诱导细胞片内毛细血管网络的形成。该方法能够构建可移植的厚、功能组织，细胞密度高，可以通过将其动脉和静脉（由血管床提供）与宿主血管吻合来构建。
