1st Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, University of Pecs, Medical School, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary.
Institute of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 27;18(1):134. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010134.
The high prevalence of obesity in childhood and adolescence has major public health consequences, since it is associated with various chronic diseases in the short- and long-term. The goal of our study was to examine the possible association between obesity and overweight and cardiorespiratory and muscle performance during a 4-year follow up period in adolescents. The body mass index (BMI) and physical performance of adolescents (360 girls and 348 boys) between 14-18 years of age was measured twice a year, and the possible correlation between overweight and obesity and cardiorespiratory and muscle performances were investigated. Our results revealed that cardiorespiratory performance increased significantly in boys during the 4 years ( < 0.001), but the aerobic performance of girls only showed seasonal fluctuation. Muscle performance significantly increased both in boys and girls ( < 0.001). Inverse association between obesity and cardiorespiratory and muscle performance was proved. Overweight was also inversely correlated with cardiorespiratory performance, but it demonstrated no correlation with muscle strength. Avoiding increased BMI and decreased physical fitness is essential for adolescents' health to prevent short- and long-term adverse effects.
儿童和青少年肥胖的高发率对公共健康有重大影响，因为它与短期和长期的各种慢性疾病有关。我们的研究目的是在青少年 4 年的随访期间，检查肥胖和超重与心肺和肌肉表现之间可能存在的关联。我们每年两次测量 14-18 岁青少年的体重指数（BMI）和身体表现（360 名女孩和 348 名男孩），并研究超重和肥胖与心肺和肌肉表现之间的可能相关性。我们的研究结果表明，男孩的心肺功能在 4 年内显著提高（<0.001），但女孩的有氧能力仅表现出季节性波动。男孩和女孩的肌肉性能都显著提高（<0.001）。肥胖与心肺和肌肉表现呈负相关。超重也与心肺功能呈负相关，但与肌肉力量无关。为了预防短期和长期的不良影响，避免 BMI 增加和体力下降对青少年的健康至关重要。
