Huang Gang, Wang Jin, Zhang Xinbo
State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
Materials Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
ACS Cent Sci. 2020 Dec 23;6(12):2136-2148. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01069. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
The aprotic Li-O battery possessing the highest theoretical energy density, approaching that of gasoline, has been regarded as one of the most promising successors to Li-ion batteries. Before this kind of battery can become a viable technology, a series of critical issues need to be conquered, like low round-trip efficiency and short cycling lifetime, which are closely related to the continuous parasitic processes happening at the cathode and anode during cycling. With an aim to promote the practical application of Li-O batteries, great effort has been devoted to identify the reasons for oxygen and lithium electrodes degradation and provide guidelines to overcome them. Thus, the stability of cathode and anode has been improved a lot in the past decade, which in turn significantly boosts the electrochemical performances of Li-O batteries. Here, an overlook on the electrode protection in high-efficiency Li-O batteries is presented by providing first the challenges of electrodes facing and then the effectiveness of the existing approaches that have been proposed to alleviate these. Moreover, new battery systems and perspectives of the viable near-future strategies for rational configuration and balance of the electrodes are also pointed out. This Outlook deepens our understanding of the electrodes in Li-O batteries and offers opportunities for the realization of high performance and long-term durability of Li-O batteries.
具有最高理论能量密度、接近汽油能量密度的非质子锂氧电池，被视为锂离子电池最有前景的继任者之一。在这种电池成为可行技术之前，需要攻克一系列关键问题，如低往返效率和短循环寿命，这些问题与循环过程中在阴极和阳极发生的持续寄生过程密切相关。为了促进锂氧电池的实际应用，人们付出了巨大努力来确定氧电极和锂电极退化的原因，并提供克服这些问题的指导方针。因此，在过去十年中，阴极和阳极的稳定性有了很大提高，这反过来又显著提升了锂氧电池的电化学性能。在此，通过首先介绍电极面临的挑战，然后介绍为缓解这些挑战而提出的现有方法的有效性，对高效锂氧电池中的电极保护进行了综述。此外，还指出了新的电池系统以及可行的近期电极合理配置和平衡策略的前景。这一综述加深了我们对锂氧电池中电极的理解，并为实现锂氧电池的高性能和长期耐久性提供了机会。
