Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2020;29(4):771-781. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.202012_29(4).0012.
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common neoplasm affecting reproductive-age women. The purpose of the present study is to explore the association between dietary diversity and risk of UFs in a cross-sectional study of urban premenopausal women.
A total of 248 urban premenopausal women with age of 20-45 were recruited in 3 randomly chosen hospitals in Shijiazhuang, China. Dietary diversity was assessed from food frequency intake data using dietary diversity score (DDS), Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) and food variety score (FVS). UFs were diagnosed by the methods of ultrasound, pelvic exam, or surgery. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between dietary diversity and risk of UFs.
37 of the study subjects (14.9%) had UFs. Participants with a low education level and single marital status participants had a lower DDS and PDQS, respectively. After adjustment for confounding factors, a higher DDS 24 was associated with decreased UF risk (OR=0.22, 95% CI=0.05-1.01). Similar trends were observed for the plantbased FVS (ptrend=0.025). Carrot (OR=0.04, 95% CI=0.00-0.48) and kiwi fruit (OR=0.03, 95% CI=0.00-0.47) were also inversely associated with risk of UFs after adjustment for confounding factors.
Multifarious food groups and the increase of variety of plant-based food, especially carrot and kiwi fruit, may be associated with the lower risk of UFs; they may play an important role in inhibiting the formation of UFs.
子宫肌瘤（UFs）是影响育龄妇女的最常见肿瘤。本研究旨在通过对石家庄市 3 家随机选择的医院的 248 名城市绝经前妇女进行横断面研究，探讨饮食多样性与 UFs 风险之间的关系。
共招募了 248 名年龄在 20-45 岁的城市绝经前妇女，她们来自中国石家庄市的 3 家随机选择的医院。采用饮食多样性评分（DDS）、主要饮食质量评分（PDQS）和食物种类评分（FVS），根据食物频率摄入数据评估饮食多样性。UFs 通过超声、盆腔检查或手术方法诊断。采用二元逻辑回归估计饮食多样性与 UFs 风险之间的关系。
研究对象中有 37 人（14.9%）患有 UFs。低学历和单身婚姻状况的参与者的 DDS 和 PDQS 分别较低。调整混杂因素后，较高的 DDS 24 与 UF 风险降低相关（OR=0.22，95%CI=0.05-1.01）。植物性 FVS 的趋势相似（ptrend=0.025）。胡萝卜（OR=0.04，95%CI=0.00-0.48）和猕猴桃（OR=0.03，95%CI=0.00-0.47）在调整混杂因素后也与 UF 风险呈负相关。
多种食物组和植物性食物种类的增加，特别是胡萝卜和猕猴桃，可能与 UFs 风险降低有关；它们可能在抑制 UFs 的形成中发挥重要作用。
