Schaefer Ina, Narimani Petra
Alice Salomon Hochschule Berlin, Alice-Salomon-Platz 5, 12627, Berlin, Deutschland.
Katholische Hochschule für Sozialwesen Berlin (KHSB), Köpenicker Allee 39, 10318, Berlin, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2021 Feb;64(2):171-178. doi: 10.1007/s00103-020-03270-0. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
In medical research, it is established practice to discuss ethical issues, usually based on the criteria informed consent and voluntary participation, protection from harm, confidentiality, and anonymity. The discussion of ethical questions is also gaining importance in social science research. The same applies to participatory research, which is not yet very widespread in Germany. Because this approach is based on equality between all those involved, it results in relationships uncommon in nonparticipatory research. Therefore, ethical questions are raised in a different way. Partly based on an analysis of documents, a case study from participatory health research will be used to illustrate how the principle of harm reduction can be recognized. The case study shows this from the perspective of both the researchers and the peer-researchers.From the peer-researchers' perspective, there are different challenges in participatory teamwork, which can bring impairments and consequently result in a risk of harm. This can lead to disappointments, for example, when from the peer-researchers' perspective individual support during a research process is insufficient.Conclusions for dealing with ethical aspects in participatory research projects will be derived from the gathered experiences. The application of the criteria used in nonparticipatory research can be an opportunity to strengthen the discussion of ethical issues as part of participatory processes. It can also be a chance to combine the ethical discourse in participatory and qualitative social science research.
在医学研究中，通常依据知情同意和自愿参与、免受伤害、保密以及匿名等标准来讨论伦理问题，这是既定的做法。伦理问题的讨论在社会科学研究中也日益重要。参与式研究也是如此，这种研究在德国尚未广泛开展。由于这种方法基于所有参与者之间的平等，所以会产生非参与式研究中不常见的关系。因此，伦理问题的提出方式也有所不同。部分基于对文献的分析，将采用参与式健康研究中的一个案例研究来说明如何识别减少伤害原则。该案例研究从研究人员和同行研究人员两个角度展示了这一点。从同行研究人员的角度来看，参与式团队合作存在不同的挑战，这些挑战可能带来损害，进而导致伤害风险。例如，从同行研究人员的角度看，如果在研究过程中个人支持不足，这可能会导致失望情绪。将从所收集的经验中得出参与式研究项目中处理伦理问题的结论。应用非参与式研究中使用的标准，可能是加强作为参与式过程一部分的伦理问题讨论的一个契机。这也可能是将参与式和定性社会科学研究中的伦理话语结合起来的一个机会。
