印度南部泰米尔纳德邦甲型肝炎爆发的流行病学和分子调查。
Epidemiological and molecular investigation of a hepatitis A outbreak in Tamil Nadu, Southern India.
机构信息
Regional level Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Deparment of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, India.
Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, India.
出版信息
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2020 Dec 31;14(12):1475-1479. doi: 10.3855/jidc.12045.
INTRODUCTION
Hepatitis A virus causes an acute infection mainly in young children. The present study was carried out to characterize the nature of hepatitis A virus (HAV) involved in an outbreak of jaundice in children.
METHODOLOGY
Serum and stool samples from five children were sampled from among 26 clinically diagnosed jaundice cases. HAV IgM ELISA and PCR were used for confirmatory diagnosis and molecular characterization by direct amplicon sequencing and analysis.
RESULTS
All the serum samples collected from the symptomatic cases were found to be positive for Anti-HAV IgM ELISA as were all the serum samples and stool samples using semi-nested PCR. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the HAV involved in the outbreak belonged to genotype IIIA.
CONCLUSIONS
The infection was caused by HAV genotype IIIA. Improved access to clean drinking water, sanitation around drinking water sources and routine chlorination of drinking water in poor and developing countries are needed, as well as childhood HAV vaccination under regular immunization programs in endemic countries.
简介
甲型肝炎病毒主要引起儿童急性感染。本研究旨在对一起儿童黄疸暴发中涉及的甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）的性质进行特征描述。
方法
从 26 例临床诊断为黄疸的病例中采集了五名儿童的血清和粪便样本。采用 HAV IgM ELISA 和 PCR 进行确证诊断，并通过直接扩增子测序和分析进行分子特征描述。
结果
所有采集自症状病例的血清样本均通过 Anti-HAV IgM ELISA 检测呈阳性，半巢式 PCR 检测的所有血清和粪便样本均呈阳性。系统发育分析显示，暴发中涉及的 HAV 属于基因型 IIIA。
结论
感染是由 HAV 基因型 IIIA 引起的。需要在贫困和发展中国家改善清洁饮用水的获取、饮用水源周围的卫生以及饮用水的常规氯化处理，以及在流行地区通过常规免疫计划为儿童接种 HAV 疫苗。
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