Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Research Unit Rare Diseases with Orofacial Manifestations (RDOM), University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Emergency Care, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Strasse 45, 58455 Witten, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 28;18(1):139. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010139.
Fifteen percent of the 5000 to 8000 rare diseases (RDs) can manifest in the oral and maxillofacial region. Little attention has been paid to the care situation of people with RDs in dentistry. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge about RDs among dentists at a university hospital (DUs) compared to dentists with different professional backgrounds and among general dentists, specialist dentists and DUs in the chamber district of Westfalen-Lippe. Moreover, self-assessment of the level of knowledge was evaluated. A questionnaire was designed, which was made available digitally via a link. A random sample of 1500 dentists, specialist dentists, and oral- and craniomaxillofacial surgeons from the membership of the Dental Association of Westfalen-Lippe, and all dentists, specialist dentists, and oral- and craniomaxillofacial surgeons working at the University Dental Hospitals Münster and Witten/Herdecke, were invited to participate to our study. Differences in the level of knowledge between DUs and non-DUs and differences between DUs, general dentists, and specialist dentists were tested via two-sided Fischer's exact tests. Differences between the three groups of self-assessment of the level of knowledge and the self-assessment of how sufficient their own knowledge about RDs is were tested via two-sided Kruskal-Wallis tests. The global level of significance was controlled by the Bonferroni method. A total of 267 questionnaires were completed, of which 64.0% were answered by general dentists, 25.5% by specialist dentists and 10.5% by DUs. DUs had a significant higher level of knowledge about RDs (adjusted = 0.012) compared to non-DUs and achieved higher scores (median = 16.5 points) than general (median = 13 points) and specialist dentists (median = 13 points) ( = 0.001). In the self-assessments, the differences were not significant ( > 0.05). In conclusion, most participants showed no or little knowledge about RDs, and DUs had a significant higher level of knowledge than non-university dentists.
五千至八千种罕见病（RDs）中有 15%会在口腔颌面部表现出来。牙科领域对 RD 患者的护理状况关注甚少。因此，本研究旨在评估与不同专业背景的牙医相比，大学医院牙医（DUs）对 RDs 的了解程度，以及在威斯特法伦-利珀州的牙科诊所区的普通牙医、专科牙医和 DUs 之间的了解程度。此外，还评估了自我评估的知识水平。设计了一份问卷，通过链接以数字方式提供。随机抽取威斯特法伦-利珀州牙医协会会员中的 1500 名牙医、专科牙医和口腔颌面外科医生，以及明斯特和维滕/黑尔德克大学牙科医院的所有牙医、专科牙医和口腔颌面外科医生参加我们的研究。通过双侧 Fisher 精确检验测试 DUs 与非 DUs 之间的知识水平差异，以及 DUs、普通牙医和专科牙医之间的知识水平差异。通过双侧 Kruskal-Wallis 检验测试三个组自我评估的知识水平差异和自我评估对 RDs 的知识是否足够的差异。通过 Bonferroni 方法控制整体显著性水平。共完成了 267 份问卷，其中 64.0%由普通牙医回答，25.5%由专科牙医回答，10.5%由 DUs 回答。与非 DUs 相比，DUs 对 RDs 的了解程度显著更高（调整 = 0.012），得分也更高（中位数 = 16.5 分），高于普通牙医（中位数 = 13 分）和专科牙医（中位数 = 13 分）（ = 0.001）。在自我评估中，差异不显著（ > 0.05）。总之，大多数参与者对 RDs 知之甚少，DUs 比非大学牙医具有更高的知识水平。
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