Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2021 Oct;60(10):1190-1233. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2020.12.028. Epub 2020 Dec 28.
Helplines are generally a population-level resource for providing free, timely, easy-to-access, and anonymous counseling and/or information. Helplines have been developed and widely implemented for specific use by young people. The current study aimed to systematically review the literature to determine the status of research into the use of helplines among young people.
Following the PRISMA checklist, 5 electronic databases were searched using relevant terms for literature published until May 2020. The extracted studies were summarized with the intention of identifying key themes that highlighted common findings, key implications, and important gaps in understanding.
A total of 52 articles fitting study inclusion criteria were identified. Most studies were quantitative papers from the United States and Australia. The types of helpline interactions studied were a mixture of telephone-based and SMS/text-based interactions. Three major themes were identified: awareness of and engagement with helpline services, nature of problems faced by young people, and service-related factors. Subthemes were use and awareness, barriers to help seeking, psychosocial problems, suicidality, telephone- versus text-based interactions, counselor-caller interaction, and provision of services to historically and systemically marginalized groups.
It appears that helplines may provide a beneficial service to youths, and that myriad psychosocial concerns provide the basis for calling. The literature is limited by a lack of controlled trials, on one hand, and complex methodological/ethical barriers preventing such trials, on the other hand. However, more research is needed before conclusions regarding effectiveness in youths can be made, particularly for services provided to systemically marginalized groups and using online text-based approaches.
求助热线通常是为年轻人提供免费、及时、易于获取和匿名咨询和/或信息的一种人群资源。已经开发并广泛实施了求助热线，以供年轻人特定使用。本研究旨在系统地回顾文献，以确定有关年轻人使用求助热线的研究现状。
根据 PRISMA 清单，使用截至 2020 年 5 月的相关术语，对 5 个电子数据库进行了搜索。提取的研究进行了总结，目的是确定突出共同发现、关键影响以及在理解方面存在的重要差距的关键主题。
确定了符合研究纳入标准的 52 篇文章。大多数研究来自美国和澳大利亚的定量论文。研究的求助热线互动类型是电话和短信/文本交互的混合体。确定了三个主要主题：对求助热线服务的认识和参与、年轻人面临的问题性质以及与服务相关的因素。子主题包括使用和意识、求助障碍、心理社会问题、自杀倾向、电话与文本交互、辅导员与来电者的互动以及向历史上和系统上处于边缘地位的群体提供服务。
求助热线似乎为年轻人提供了有益的服务，而且无数的心理社会问题为来电提供了依据。文献受到缺乏对照试验的限制，一方面是因为复杂的方法学/伦理障碍阻止了此类试验，另一方面是因为复杂的方法学/伦理障碍阻止了此类试验。但是，在能够对年轻人的有效性得出结论之前，还需要进行更多的研究，特别是针对为系统上处于边缘地位的群体提供的服务以及使用在线文本方法。
