Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
Cancer Lett. 2021 Mar 31;501:66-82. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.025. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Despite recent advancements in surgical and molecular targeted therapies that improved the therapeutic efficacy in CRC, the 5 years survival rate of CRC patients still remains frustratingly poor. Accumulated evidences indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of CRC. Dysregulated miRNAs are closely associated with cancerous phenotypes (e.g. enhanced proliferative and invasive ability, evasion of apoptosis, cell cycle aberration, and promotion of angiogenesis) by regulating their target genes. In this review, we provide an updated overview of tumor suppressive and oncogenic miRNAs, circulatory miRNAs, and the possible causes of dysregulated miRNAs in CRC. In addition, we discuss the important functions of miRNAs in drug resistance of CRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球第三大常见癌症和癌症相关死亡的主要原因。尽管最近在手术和分子靶向治疗方面取得了进展，提高了 CRC 的治疗效果，但 CRC 患者的 5 年生存率仍然令人沮丧地不理想。越来越多的证据表明，微小 RNA（miRNA）在 CRC 的进展和转移中发挥着关键作用。失调的 miRNA 通过调节其靶基因与癌症表型密切相关（例如增强增殖和侵袭能力、逃避细胞凋亡、细胞周期异常和促进血管生成）。在这篇综述中，我们提供了一个关于肿瘤抑制性和致癌性 miRNA、循环 miRNA 以及 CRC 中 miRNA 失调的可能原因的最新概述。此外，我们还讨论了 miRNA 在 CRC 耐药性中的重要作用。
