Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
Pathol Res Pract. 2023 Nov;251:154857. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154857. Epub 2023 Oct 4.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as the third most prevalent ailment globally and represents the primary cause of mortality associated with cancer. Significant advancements have been made in the clinical management of patients with CRC, encompassing the development of more streamlined methodologies and a diverse array of biomarkers utilized for prognostic, diagnostic, and predictive objectives. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) play a key role in the development of CRC by modulating the expression of their target genes, which govern a number of metabolic and cellular processes. They are related to malignant traits such as enhanced invasive and proliferative capacity, evasion of apoptosis, cell cycle aberration, and promotion of angiogenesis through dysregulation in their function. This review's objectives were to examine miRNA biogenesis, provide an updated list of oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs, and discuss the likely causes of miRNA dysregulation in CRC. Additionally, we discuss the diagnostic and predictive functions of miRNAs in CRC and summarize their biological significance and clinical potential.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球第三大常见疾病，也是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。CRC 患者的临床管理取得了重大进展，包括开发更精简的方法和使用各种生物标志物来进行预后、诊断和预测。微小 RNA（miRNA，miRs）通过调节其靶基因的表达在 CRC 的发展中发挥关键作用，这些靶基因调控着许多代谢和细胞过程。它们与恶性特征有关，如增强的侵袭性和增殖能力、逃避细胞凋亡、细胞周期异常以及通过功能失调促进血管生成。本综述的目的是检查 miRNA 的生物发生，提供一个更新的致癌和肿瘤抑制 miRNA 列表，并讨论 CRC 中 miRNA 失调的可能原因。此外，我们还讨论了 miRNA 在 CRC 中的诊断和预测功能，并总结了它们的生物学意义和临床潜力。
