Highly sensitive and stable fructose self-powered biosensor based on a self-charging biosupercapacitor.

Herein, we present an alternative approach to obtain a highly sensitive and stable self-powered biosensor that was used to detect D-fructose as proof of concept.In this platform, we perform a two-step process, viz. self-charging the biosupercapacitor for a constant time by using D-fructose as fuel and using the stored charge to realize the detection of D-fructose by performing several polarization curves at different D-fructose concentrations. The proposed BSC shows an instantaneous power density release of 17.6 mW cm and 3.8 mW cm in pulse mode and at constant load, respectively. Moreover, the power density achieved for the self-charging BSC in pulse mode or under constant load allows for an enhancement of the sensitivity of the device up to 10 times (3.82 ± 0.01 mW cm mM, charging time = 70 min) compared to the BSC in continuous operation mode and 100 times compared to the normal enzymatic fuel cell. The platform can potentially be employed as a self-powered biosensor in food or biomedical applications.