College of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China; Jiaxing Tongji Institute for Environment, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314051, PR China.
The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Apr 15;765:144334. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144334. Epub 2020 Dec 25.
Ionic liquids (ILs) become emerging pollutants and their toxicities earn increasing attentions. Yet, their effects were seldom explored on reproduction which connects generations and also effects across generations. In the present study, reproductive effects of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Cmim]Br), one representative IL, were studied on C. elegans with 11 continuously exposed generations (F1 to F11). At 8.20E-5 g/L, the effects on the initial reproduction showed oscillatory changes between stimulation (in F1, F3, F4, F6 and F10) and inhibition (in F2, F5, F7, F8 and F11). At 8.20E-3 g/L, the effects on the reproduction over generations also showed such oscillation despite of different stimulation or inhibition levels, and even opposite influences in F4 and F11. The effects of [Cmim]Br on the total reproduction also showed the concentration-dependent oscillation between stimulation and inhibition over generations, though they had less alteration frequencies than those on the initial reproduction. Biochemical and molecular indicators were further measured in F1, F4, F7 and F11 to explore potential mechanisms. Results showed that the effects on spermatocyte protein 8 (SPE8) showed positive correlation with those on reproduction while the influences on major sperm protein (MSP) and sperm transmembrane protein 9 (SPE9) showed negative correlation with SPE8. Moreover, the dysregulation on expressions of acs-2 and akt-1 indicated the involvement of glucolipid metabolism. The changes in expressions of set-2, met-2, set-25 and mes-4 demonstrated that the long-term reproductive impacts of [Cmim]Br over generations also involved histone methylation at H3K4, H3K9 and H3K36, which also connected with the glucolipid metabolism.
离子液体（ILs）成为新兴污染物，其毒性引起了越来越多的关注。然而，它们对生殖的影响很少被探索，生殖将代际联系起来，也会影响后代。在本研究中，以秀丽隐杆线虫为模型，研究了一种代表性的离子液体 1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑溴([Cmim]Br)在 11 个连续暴露代（F1 至 F11）中的生殖效应。在 8.20E-5 g/L 时，对初始繁殖的影响表现为刺激（在 F1、F3、F4、F6 和 F10）和抑制（在 F2、F5、F7、F8 和 F11）之间的振荡变化。在 8.20E-3 g/L 时，尽管刺激或抑制水平不同，甚至在 F4 和 F11 中存在相反的影响，但对几代繁殖的影响也表现出这种振荡。[Cmim]Br 对总繁殖的影响也表现出在几代之间刺激和抑制的浓度依赖性振荡，尽管它们的变化频率比初始繁殖的变化频率要少。在 F1、F4、F7 和 F11 中进一步测量了生化和分子指标，以探讨潜在的机制。结果表明，对精母细胞蛋白 8（SPE8）的影响与生殖的影响呈正相关，而对主要精子蛋白（MSP）和精子跨膜蛋白 9（SPE9）的影响与 SPE8 呈负相关。此外，acs-2 和 akt-1 的表达失调表明糖脂代谢的参与。set-2、met-2、set-25 和 mes-4 的表达变化表明，[Cmim]Br 在几代中的长期生殖影响也涉及 H3K4、H3K9 和 H3K36 的组蛋白甲基化，这也与糖脂代谢有关。
Zotero 插件