College of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, PR China.
The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, PR China.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Oct;265(Pt B):114848. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114848. Epub 2020 May 26.
Ionic liquids (ILs) are considered as extracting solvents in soil remediation. However, they can be pollutants themselves, and their own toxicities are of concerns. Notably, organisms were exposed to pollutants at random life stages in actual environmental exposure scenario, which is different from the set-up of one uniform life stage in usual experiment designs. The influence of life stages on ILs toxicities will provide essential information on their actual environmental risks. In the present study, effects of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Cmim]Br) were measured on C. elegans with egg exposure and adult exposure. In egg exposure, [Cmim]Br increased the lifespan, stimulated initial reproduction and inhibited the total reproduction. Biochemical indices including oxidative stress, antioxidant responses and oxidative damage were further measured to explore the toxicity mechanisms. Results showed that [Cmim]Br significantly stimulated O· as the oxidative stress and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as the antioxidant defense. In adult exposure, [Cmim]Br inhibited initial reproduction, total reproduction and lifespan. Biochemical results showed that [Cmim]Br significantly stimulated HO and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). The overall findings demonstrated that [Cmim]Br caused life stage-dependent toxicities on C. elegans. Future studies are still needed for the detailed mechanisms.
离子液体（ILs）被认为是土壤修复中的萃取溶剂。然而，它们本身也可能是污染物，其自身的毒性令人担忧。值得注意的是，在实际的环境暴露场景中，生物体在随机的生命阶段暴露于污染物，这与通常实验设计中设置单一统一生命阶段的情况不同。生命阶段对 ILs 毒性的影响将为它们的实际环境风险提供重要信息。在本研究中，用卵暴露和成虫暴露的方法来测量 1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑溴化盐（[Cmim]Br）对秀丽隐杆线虫的影响。在卵暴露中，[Cmim]Br 增加了寿命，刺激了初始繁殖并抑制了总繁殖。进一步测量了生化指标，包括氧化应激、抗氧化反应和氧化损伤，以探讨毒性机制。结果表明，[Cmim]Br 显著刺激了 O·作为氧化应激和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）作为抗氧化防御。在成虫暴露中，[Cmim]Br 抑制了初始繁殖、总繁殖和寿命。生化结果表明，[Cmim]Br 显著刺激了 HO 和氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）。总的研究结果表明，[Cmim]Br 对秀丽隐杆线虫造成了生命阶段依赖性的毒性。未来仍需要进一步研究其详细机制。
