Gu Shuang, Chen Zhouzhou, Wang Fang, Wang Xiangyang
College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.
Biotechnol Lett. 2021 Mar;43(3):701-710. doi: 10.1007/s10529-020-03061-2. Epub 2021 Jan 1.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different fermentation conditions (culture medium, temperature, incubation time, pH value and additive) on citrinin production by four fungi.
Among the culture media, potato dextrose medium had lowest citrinin production, followed by yeast sucrose medium and monosodium glutamate medium. The lowest citrinin contents were produced by Monascus anka (M. anka) in potato dextrose medium and yeast sucrose medium, Aspergillus oryzae AS3.042 (A. oryzae) produced the lowest citrinin production in monosodium glutamate medium. The optimum fermentation temperatures for citrinin production by Aspergillus niger (A. niger) and Penicillium citrinum (P. citrinum) were at 30 °C, whereas those by M. anka and A. oryzae were at 35 °C. Citrinin synthesis by four fungi were completely inhibited with a pH value of less than 5.4. By adding ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) or triammonium citrate into monosodium glutamate medium, citrinin production by A. oryzae and A. niger were totally inhibited. Ammonium sulfate completely inhibited citrinin production by A. oryzae, M. anka and P. citrinum, and ammonium nitrate completely inhibited citrinin production by A. oryzae.
These results indicated that the suitable fermentation conditions could make considerable contributions to the reduction of citrinin production. This study provided an effective way for decreasing the citrinin production.
本研究旨在探究不同发酵条件（培养基、温度、培养时间、pH值和添加剂）对四种真菌产桔霉素的影响。
在培养基中，马铃薯葡萄糖培养基的桔霉素产量最低，其次是酵母蔗糖培养基和味精培养基。红曲霉菌（M. anka）在马铃薯葡萄糖培养基和酵母蔗糖培养基中产生的桔霉素含量最低，米曲霉AS3.042（A. oryzae）在味精培养基中产生的桔霉素产量最低。黑曲霉（A. niger）和桔青霉（P. citrinum）产桔霉素的最佳发酵温度为30℃，而红曲霉菌和米曲霉的最佳发酵温度为35℃。当pH值小于5.4时，四种真菌的桔霉素合成完全受到抑制。在味精培养基中添加乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）或柠檬酸三铵，米曲霉和黑曲霉的桔霉素产量被完全抑制。硫酸铵完全抑制了米曲霉、红曲霉菌和桔青霉的桔霉素产量，硝酸铵完全抑制了米曲霉的桔霉素产量。
这些结果表明，合适的发酵条件有助于显著降低桔霉素的产量。本研究为降低桔霉素产量提供了一种有效方法。
