大流行前对老年人的年龄歧视预测了 COVID-19 大流行期间的行为意向。
Pre-pandemic Ageism Toward Older Adults Predicts Behavioral Intentions During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
机构信息
College of Arts and Letters, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.
Psychology Department, Stony Brook University, New York, New York, USA.
出版信息
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2022 Apr 1;77(4):e11-e15. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa210.
OBJECTIVES
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, older adults have been disproportionately affected by high rates of health complications and mortality. Reactions toward older adults included a mix of prosocial behaviors and ageist responses, consistent with the history of positive and negative views and treatment of older adults in the United States.
METHODS
In a two-part study (n = 113, Mage = 18.49, SD = 0.50; range 18-19), we examined whether pre-pandemic ageism among undergraduates predicts prosocial behavioral intentions toward older adults both specific to COVID-19 and in general.
RESULTS
Pre-pandemic ageism toward older adults predicted less intentions to help older adults generally and specific to COVID-19. Whereas viewing older adults as incompetent predicted greater intentions to help specific to COVID-19.
DISCUSSION
These results reflect the complexity of predicting helping behaviors and suggest that even supportive behaviors toward older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic may be rooted in negative ageist stereotypes. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
目的
在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，老年人受到健康并发症和死亡率高的不成比例的影响。对老年人的反应包括亲社会行为和年龄歧视反应的混合，这与美国对老年人的积极和消极看法以及对待方式的历史一致。
方法
在一项由 113 名参与者（平均年龄 18.49 岁，标准差 0.50；年龄范围 18-19 岁）参与的两部分研究中，我们检验了大学生在 COVID-19 大流行之前的年龄歧视是否可以预测他们对老年人的亲社会行为意向，包括针对 COVID-19 的具体意向和一般意向。
结果
对老年人的大流行前年龄歧视预测了对老年人的一般帮助意向和针对 COVID-19 的帮助意向减少。而将老年人视为无能则预示着对 COVID-19 的帮助意向更大。
讨论
这些结果反映了预测帮助行为的复杂性，并表明，即使在 COVID-19 大流行期间对老年人有支持性的行为，也可能根植于消极的年龄歧视刻板印象。讨论了对未来研究的影响和方向。
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