Facultad de Psicología. Universidad Michoacana San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, México.
Doctorado de Psicología Clínica y de la Salud. Facultat de Psicologia. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona Spain.
Psychiatry Res. 2021 Feb;296:113690. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113690. Epub 2020 Dec 28.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been linked to executive functions (EF) deficits that can be improved after pharmacological treatment, but it is unclear whether there is a class of antidepressants that is more effective than others to ameliorate these deficits in MDD. Additionally, the possible effects of clinical and demographic variables on the improvement of MDD EF deficits after pharmacological treatment are currently unknown. Our aim was to study the possible neuropsychological effects of second-generation antidepressant classes on the EF of MDD patients and the potential influence of clinical and demographic variables as moderators of these effects through a meta-analytic approach. Twenty-one papers were included in our study. A structural equation model meta-analysis was performed. The improvement of EF after pharmacological treatment is clinically relevant, but it is incomplete. This effect is influenced by age and years of education of the patients. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and dual inhibitors are the drugs causing the greatest improvement in EF of MDD patients. Antidepressant class is an important variable linked to EF improvement after MDD treatment, but the degree of improvement in these cognitive functions is strongly influenced by some clinical and demographic variables of patients with depression.
重度抑郁症（MDD）与执行功能（EF）缺陷有关，这些缺陷可以通过药物治疗得到改善，但目前尚不清楚是否有一种抗抑郁药比其他药物更能有效改善 MDD 患者的这些缺陷。此外，临床和人口统计学变量对药物治疗后 MDD EF 缺陷改善的可能影响目前尚不清楚。我们的目的是通过荟萃分析研究第二代抗抑郁药类对 MDD 患者 EF 的可能神经心理学影响，以及临床和人口统计学变量作为这些影响的调节剂的潜在影响。共有 21 篇论文纳入我们的研究。进行了结构方程模型荟萃分析。药物治疗后 EF 的改善具有临床意义，但并不完全。这种效应受患者年龄和受教育年限的影响。选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRIs）和双重抑制剂是导致 MDD 患者 EF 改善最大的药物。抗抑郁药类是与 MDD 治疗后 EF 改善相关的重要变量，但这些认知功能的改善程度受到抑郁症患者一些临床和人口统计学变量的强烈影响。
