Polish Geological Institute - National Research Institute, 4 Rakowiecka Str., 00-975 Warsaw, Poland.
West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, 17 Słowackiego Str., 71-434 Szczecin, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Apr 15;765:144125. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144125. Epub 2020 Dec 14.
The Gowienica Miedwiańska catchment is a small agricultural catchment located in the NW of Poland draining into Lake Miedwie, on which a drinking water source for the city of Szczecin is located. The catchment is characterized by very rich soils. Subsequently, agriculture is intensive and this is thought to influence the poor water quality in the local area. Despite more than 20 years since first programmes of measures towards protection of water quality have been introduced into the catchment, these have not been produced the expected results, and the local farming community cites other sources such as poor sewage management rather that agricultural activity, as responsible for this problem. Evaluation of flow pathways in the catchment and identification of the areas responsible for the highest impact on local water quality was therefore conducted within the EU funded project Waterprotect. The aim of this study was to clarify sources of pollution precisely in space and time, in order to increase trust from stakeholders, so that targeted measures can be used effectively to improve water quality. The study included water quality monitoring, isotopic analysis and numerical flow modelling. Results showed that water quality in the catchment is spatially and temporally variable. 93% of nitrogen loadings into the Miedwie lake have been attributed to agriculture and only 7% to wastewater inputs. The local hydrology and hydrogeology play an important role in the distribution of the impacts from these inputs. As a result, three sub-catchments were identified which are differentiated by dominant pollution source, land use, and hydraulic characteristics. The highest inputs from agriculture have been identified in the most upper sub-catchment and this area have been pointed out as most suitable for implementation of agricultural best management practices towards protection of water quality at a local level.
戈维尼亚米亚德瓦尼亚流域是一个位于波兰西北部的小型农业流域，排入米德维日湖，斯德丁市的饮用水源就位于该湖。该流域的土壤非常肥沃。因此，农业活动密集，这被认为是当地水质不佳的原因。尽管自首次引入保护水质的措施以来已经过去了 20 多年，但这些措施并未产生预期的效果，当地农业社区将这一问题归咎于其他来源，如污水管理不善，而不是农业活动。因此，在欧盟资助的 Waterprotect 项目中，对流域内的水流路径进行了评估，并确定了对当地水质影响最大的区域。本研究的目的是精确地在空间和时间上澄清污染来源，以增加利益相关者的信任，从而有效地采取有针对性的措施来改善水质。该研究包括水质监测、同位素分析和数值流动模拟。结果表明，流域内的水质具有空间和时间上的可变性。米德维日湖中 93%的氮负荷归因于农业，只有 7%归因于废水输入。当地的水文和水文地质学在这些输入的影响分布中起着重要作用。因此，确定了三个子流域，它们通过主要污染源、土地利用和水力特征进行区分。在最上游的子流域中，农业的输入量最高，该区域被指出是在当地实施农业最佳管理实践以保护水质的最佳选择。
