Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Żeromskiego Str., 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 9;20(4):3032. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043032.
This study was a continuation of our investigation of the spatio-temporal variability of the Bzura River's water chemistry. Our research is of particular importance in the context of the recent ecological disaster on the Oder River and concerns the international problem of surface water contamination. The study area was a 120 km section of the Bzura River. We tested more measurement points and with a higher sampling frequency than those used in the national monitoring of river water quality. During two hydrological years, 360 water samples were collected. The selected parameters: electrical conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic carbon, nitrates, phosphates, bicarbonates, chlorides, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were determined. Numerous results exceeded the Polish threshold limits. Spatio-temporal variability and water quality were assessed using principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and water quality index (WQI) approaches. Many point sources of pollution related to urbanization, agriculture, and industry were detected. Moreover, due to the changing climatic conditions, a significant difference between temporal variability in both years was observed. Our results indicated that it is necessary to increase the number of measurement stations for surface water monitoring; it will allow for a faster detection of the threat.
本研究是我们对布祖拉河水质时空变化的调查的延续。我们的研究在奥得河最近发生的生态灾难背景下具有特别重要的意义，涉及到地表水受污染这一国际问题。研究区域为布祖拉河的 120 公里河段。与国家对河水水质的监测相比，我们测试了更多的测量点，并提高了采样频率。在两个水文年内，采集了 360 个水样。选择的参数包括电导率、温度、溶解氧、溶解有机碳、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、重碳酸盐、氯化物、钠、钾、钙和镁。许多结果都超过了波兰的阈值限制。利用主成分分析（PCA）、聚类分析（CA）和水质指数（WQI）方法评估了时空变化和水质。检测到许多与城市化、农业和工业有关的点状污染源。此外，由于气候条件的变化，两年间的时间变化存在显著差异。我们的研究结果表明，有必要增加地表水监测的测量站数量，以便更快地发现威胁。
