The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel.
The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel.
Child Abuse Negl. 2021 Feb;112:104906. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104906. Epub 2020 Dec 31.
Youth exposure to community violence (ECV) in the Palestinian society is an alarming problem. Yet, there is serious scarcity of research on its mental health consequences.
The study examined the relationships between youth ECV and internalizing and externalizing symptoms as well as the moderating and mediating effects of gender and support from family and teachers on these relationships.
PARTICIPANTS, SETTING, AND METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among a systematic random sample of 1930 Palestinian junior and senior high school pupils (912 boys, 1018 girls, aged 12-19-year- old), using a self-administered questionnaire.
The results revealed that the more Palestinian youth were exposed to community violence (CV) the more they demonstrated internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Palestinian boys who were victims of CV reported higher levels of externalizing symptoms, while girls reported higher levels of internalizing symptoms. Adolescents with higher levels of family support and teacher support reported lower levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. We have also found that gender can moderate the effects of CV victimization on internalizing symptoms and that family support can mediates the relationship between CV victimization and internalizing symptoms and moderate the relationships between ECV (both victimization and witnessing) and externalizing symptoms.
The moderating and mediating effects of gender and social support on the relationship between ECV and mental health consequences are discussed. The implications of the results for future research and for prevention and intervention as well as the strengths and limitations of the study are also discussed.
在巴勒斯坦社会，青少年接触社区暴力（ECV）是一个令人震惊的问题。然而，关于其对心理健康的影响的研究却严重匮乏。
本研究考察了青少年 ECV 与内化和外化症状之间的关系，以及性别、家庭和教师支持在这些关系中的调节和中介作用。
参与者、设置和方法：采用横断面调查，对 1930 名巴勒斯坦初中和高中学生（912 名男生，1018 名女生，年龄 12-19 岁）进行了系统随机抽样，使用自填式问卷进行调查。
结果表明，巴勒斯坦青少年接触社区暴力（CV）的程度越高，他们表现出的内化和外化症状就越多。遭受 CV 侵害的巴勒斯坦男孩表现出更高水平的外化症状，而女孩则表现出更高水平的内化症状。家庭支持和教师支持水平较高的青少年报告的内化和外化症状水平较低。我们还发现，性别可以调节 CV 受害对内化症状的影响，家庭支持可以调节 CV 受害与内化症状之间的关系，并调节 ECV（受害和目击）与外化症状之间的关系。
讨论了性别和社会支持对 ECV 与心理健康后果之间关系的调节和中介作用。还讨论了研究结果对未来研究以及预防和干预的意义，以及研究的优势和局限性。
