Climatology and Hydrology Research Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
Institute of Economic Sciences, Zmaj Jovina 12, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
Int J Biometeorol. 2022 Feb;66(2):371-384. doi: 10.1007/s00484-020-02058-w. Epub 2021 Jan 3.
A comprehensive analysis of air temperature (T) dynamics in "local climate zones" (LCZs) of Novi Sad (Serbia) was based on measurements from 17 stations during 3 years. Hourly changes of T, cooling rates (CR), heating rates (HR), and urban heat island (UHI) intensity were assessed on seasonal and annual level and during heat wave (HW) and cold wave (CW) periods. Substantial differences are observed for minimum (T) and mean temperatures (T) between LCZs. Two-phase nocturnal cooling was recognized with the first cooling phase characterized by intensive LCZ dependent cooling starting at 1-3 h before sunset and lasting until 3-4 h after sunset. The second cooling phase lasts until sunrise and is characterized by less intensive and LCZ nondependent cooling. The most intensive cooling (CR) was observed in first cooling phase of HW and ranged from - 1.6 °C h in street canyon (LCZ 2) to - 3.9 °C h in forest (LCZ A). Furthermore, a new cooling indicator (CR) was introduced. Due to cooling differences, the most intensive UHI of 5.5 °C was noticed between LCZs 2 and A at sunset + 1 h during HW. Two-phase diurnal heating was also recognized in LCZs with the first heating phase characterized by intensive LCZ dependent heating starting at sunrise and lasting until 4-7 h afterwards. The most intensive heating (HR) ranged from 2.0 °C h in street canyon to 3.0 °C h in industrial area (LCZ 8) during HW. The second heating phase lasts until sunset and is characterized by less intensive heating and smaller HR differences between LCZs.
对塞尔维亚诺维萨德（Novi Sad）的 17 个站点在 3 年期间的测量数据进行了综合分析，以研究“局部气候区”（LCZ）的空气温度（T）动态。在季节性和年度水平以及热浪（HW）和寒潮（CW）期间评估了 T、冷却率（CR）、加热率（HR）和城市热岛（UHI）强度的每小时变化。LCZ 之间的最低（T）和平均温度（T）存在明显差异。发现夜间存在两阶段冷却现象，第一阶段冷却特征为强烈的、依赖 LCZ 的冷却，始于日落后 1-3 小时，持续到日落后 3-4 小时。第二阶段冷却持续到日出，特点是冷却强度较弱且不依赖 LCZ。在 HW 的第一冷却阶段，观察到最强烈的冷却（CR），范围从街道峡谷（LCZ 2）的-1.6°C/h 到森林（LCZ A）的-3.9°C/h。此外，引入了一个新的冷却指标（CR）。由于冷却差异，在 HW 期间日落后+1 小时，LCZ 2 和 A 之间的 UHI 最强烈，达到 5.5°C。在 LCZ 中也发现了两阶段日间加热现象，第一阶段加热特征为从日出开始的强烈的、依赖 LCZ 的加热，持续到 4-7 小时之后。在 HW 期间，CR 最强烈的加热范围从街道峡谷的 2.0°C/h 到工业区的 3.0°C/h（LCZ 8）。第二阶段加热持续到日落，特点是加热强度较弱，LCZ 之间的 HR 差异较小。
