Sotoudeh Anvari Maryam, Gharib Atoosa, Abolhasani Maryam, Azari-Yam Aileen, Hossieni Gharalari Farzaneh, Safavi Moeinadin, Zare Mirzaie Ali, Vasei Mohammad
Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Division, Pathology Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pathology, Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Pathol. 2021 Winter;16(1):1-19. doi: 10.30699/ijp.2020.124315.2357. Epub 2020 Nov 10.
Molecular assays for detection of nucleic acids in biologic specimens are valuable diagnostic tools supporting clinical diagnoses and therapeutic decisions. Pre-analytical errors, which occur before or during processing of nucleic acid extraction, contribute a significant role in common errors that take place in molecular laboratories. Certain practices in specimen collection, transportation, and storage can affect the integrity of nucleic acids before analysis. Applying best practices in these steps, helps to minimize those errors and leads to better decisions in patient diagnosis and treatment. Widely acceptable recommendations, which are for optimal molecular assays associated with pre-analytic variables, are limited. In this article, we have reviewed most of the important issues in sample handling from bed to bench before starting molecular tests, which can be used in diagnostic as well as research laboratories. We have addressed the most important pre-analytical points in performing molecular analysis in fixed and unfixed solid tissues, whole blood, serum, plasma, as well as most of the body fluids including urine, fecal and bronchial samples, as well as prenatal diagnosis samples.
用于检测生物样本中核酸的分子检测方法是支持临床诊断和治疗决策的重要诊断工具。在核酸提取处理之前或期间发生的分析前误差，在分子实验室常见误差中起重要作用。样本采集、运输和储存中的某些操作会在分析前影响核酸的完整性。在这些步骤中应用最佳实践有助于将这些误差降至最低，并在患者诊断和治疗中做出更好的决策。关于与分析前变量相关的最佳分子检测方法的广泛可接受的建议有限。在本文中，我们回顾了在开始分子检测之前从病床到实验台的样本处理中的大多数重要问题，这些问题可用于诊断实验室和研究实验室。我们讨论了在固定和未固定的固体组织、全血、血清、血浆以及包括尿液、粪便和支气管样本以及产前诊断样本在内的大多数体液中进行分子分析时最重要的分析前要点。
