头颈部癌放疗所致甲状腺功能减退的研究进展
Research progress of radiation-induced hypothyroidism in head and neck cancer.
作者信息
Zhou Ling, Chen Jia, Tao Chang-Juan, Chen Ming, Yu Zhong-Hua, Chen Yuan-Yuan
机构信息
Institute of Cancer and Basic Medical (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
出版信息
J Cancer. 2021 Jan 1;12(2):451-459. doi: 10.7150/jca.48587. eCollection 2021.
This paper reviews the factors related to hypothyroidism after radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer to facilitate the prevention of radiation-induced hypothyroidism and reduce its incidence. Hypothyroidism is a common complication after radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer, wherein the higher the radiation dose to the thyroid and pituitary gland, the higher the incidence of hypothyroidism. With prolonged follow-up time, the incidence of hypothyroidism gradually increases. Intensity modulated radiotherapy should limit the dose to the thyroid, which would reduce the incidence of hypothyroidism. In addition, the risk factors for hypothyroidism include small thyroid volume size, female sex, and previous neck surgery. The incidence of radiation-induced hypothyroidism in head and neck cancer is related to the radiation dose, radiotherapy technique, thyroid volume, sex, and age. A prospective, large sample and long-term follow-up study should be carried out to establish a model of normal tissue complications that are likely to be related to radiation-induced hypothyroidism.
本文综述了头颈部癌患者放疗后发生甲状腺功能减退的相关因素，以促进对放射性甲状腺功能减退的预防并降低其发生率。甲状腺功能减退是头颈部癌患者放疗后的常见并发症，其中甲状腺和垂体接受的辐射剂量越高，甲状腺功能减退的发生率越高。随着随访时间延长，甲状腺功能减退的发生率逐渐增加。调强放疗应限制对甲状腺的剂量，这将降低甲状腺功能减退的发生率。此外，甲状腺功能减退的危险因素包括甲状腺体积小、女性以及既往颈部手术史。头颈部癌放射性甲状腺功能减退的发生率与辐射剂量、放疗技术、甲状腺体积、性别和年龄有关。应开展前瞻性、大样本和长期随访研究，以建立可能与放射性甲状腺功能减退相关的正常组织并发症模型。
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