Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Aug;60(5):2759-2767. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02452-5. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
Zinc is considered protective against atherosclerosis; however, the association between dietary zinc intake and cardiovascular disease remains debated. We investigated whether dietary zinc intake was associated with coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
This analysis included 5186 participants aged 61.9 ± 10.2 years (48.8% men; 41.3% white, 25.0% black, 21.6% Hispanic, and 12.1% Chinese American) from the MESA. Dietary zinc intake was assessed by a self-administered, 120-item food frequency questionnaire at baseline (2000-2002). Baseline and follow-up CAC were measured by computed tomography. CAC progression was defined as CAC > 0 at follow-up for participants with CAC = 0 at baseline; and an annualized change of 10 or percent change of ≥ 10% for those with 0 < CAC < 100 or CAC ≥ 100 at baseline, respectively.
Dietary zinc intake was 8.4 ± 4.5 mg/day and 2537 (48.9%) of the included participants had CAC at baseline. Over a median follow-up of 3.4 years (25th-75th percentiles = 2.0-9.1 years), 2704 (52.1%) participants had CAC progression. In the fully adjusted model, higher dietary zinc was associated with a lower risk of CAC progression in both men (hazard ratio [HR] 0.697, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.553-0.878; p = 0.002) and women (HR 0.675; 95% CI 0.496-0.919; p = 0.012, both comparing extreme groups). Furthermore, such an inverse association was attributable to dietary zinc intake from non-red meat (p < 0.05), rather than red meat sources (p > 0.05).
In this multiethnic population free of clinically apparent cardiovascular disease, higher dietary zinc intake from non-red meat sources was independently associated with a lower risk of CAC progression.
The MESA trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005487.
锌被认为可以预防动脉粥样硬化；然而，膳食锌摄入量与心血管疾病之间的关系仍存在争议。我们研究了膳食锌摄入量与动脉粥样硬化多民族研究（MESA）中冠状动脉钙（CAC）进展是否相关。
本分析纳入了 MESA 中 5186 名年龄 61.9±10.2 岁的参与者（48.8%为男性；41.3%为白人，25.0%为黑人，21.6%为西班牙裔，12.1%为华裔美国人）。膳食锌摄入量通过基线（2000-2002 年）的自我管理的 120 项食物频率问卷进行评估。基线和随访 CAC 通过计算机断层扫描测量。CAC 进展定义为基线 CAC=0 的参与者在随访时 CAC>0；对于基线时 CAC 为 0<CAC<100 或 CAC≥100 的参与者，分别为每年增加 10 或百分比变化≥10%。
膳食锌摄入量为 8.4±4.5mg/天，2537 名（48.9%）参与者基线时有 CAC。在中位数随访 3.4 年（25%至 75%分位数=2.0-9.1 年）期间，2704 名（52.1%）参与者 CAC 进展。在完全调整的模型中，较高的膳食锌与男性（风险比[HR]0.697，95%置信区间[CI]0.553-0.878；p=0.002）和女性（HR 0.675；95%CI 0.496-0.919；p=0.012，两者均比较极值组）中 CAC 进展的风险降低相关。此外，这种负相关归因于非红色肉类（p<0.05）而不是红色肉类来源（p>0.05）的膳食锌摄入量。
在这个无明显临床心血管疾病的多种族人群中，来自非红色肉类的较高膳食锌摄入量与 CAC 进展风险降低独立相关。
MESA 试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT00005487。
