Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Erciyes University, 38039, Melikgazi-Kayseri, Turkey.
Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Business Administration, Erciyes University, 38039, Melikgazi-Kayseri, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Apr;28(15):19381-19390. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-12132-w. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
Two essential topics of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are accessible which are clean energy (SDG-7) and climate change action (SDG-13). Developments and innovations in energy technologies play an essential role in achieving these goals. Therefore, any country should use energy R&D expenditures, which are the primary source of energy innovation, most optimally. This paper aims to investigate the environmental efficiency of R&D expenditures for energy efficiency, renewable energy, hydro and fuel cells, fossil energy, nuclear energy, and other power and storage technologies in OECD countries using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and bootstrap DEA. Estimation findings indicate that only the USA ensures the environmental efficiency in energy R&D expenditures among OECD countries. Although Japan, Canada, France, Germany, and Italy cannot provide environmental efficiency in energy R&D, their scores are very close to the efficiency frontier. Portugal, Hungary, and Slovak Republic are the countries with the lowest environmental efficiency in energy R&D expenditures. At the end of the investigation, this paper also provides an empirical estimation of the extent to which inefficient countries should change their R&D spending to achieve efficiency.
可持续发展目标（SDGs）中有两个重要的议题是清洁能源（SDG-7）和气候变化行动（SDG-13）。能源技术的发展和创新在实现这些目标方面发挥着重要作用。因此，任何国家都应该最优化地利用能源研发支出，这是能源创新的主要来源。本文旨在利用数据包络分析（DEA）和 bootstrap DEA 方法，研究 OECD 国家能源研发支出对能源效率、可再生能源、水电和燃料电池、化石能源、核能以及其他电力和储能技术的环境效率。估计结果表明，只有美国在 OECD 国家中确保了能源研发支出的环境效率。尽管日本、加拿大、法国、德国和意大利无法在能源研发方面提供环境效率，但它们的得分非常接近效率前沿。葡萄牙、匈牙利和斯洛伐克共和国是能源研发支出环境效率最低的国家。在调查结束时，本文还对效率低下的国家应在多大程度上改变其研发支出以实现效率提供了实证估计。
