Department of Ophthalmology, University College Hospital.
Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
J Glaucoma. 2021 May 1;30(5):395-401. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000001769.
First degree relatives (FDRs) of glaucoma patients are more likely to present for screening when they are directly contacted and educated by health workers on the phone compared with when they are only invited by their relative with glaucoma.
The aim was to determine the effect of direct health education by phone calls on the uptake of glaucoma screening among FDRs of primary open angle glaucoma patients as a glaucoma blindness control strategy in an asymptomatic high-risk African population.
This was a randomized clinical trial in which 102 primary open angle glaucoma patients (probands) were randomized into control and intervention groups. Both proband groups were educated about glaucoma and requested by the investigator to invite their adult FDR to attend a screening clinic within 1 month. In addition, the FDRs in the intervention group were directly contacted, educated, and invited for examination by phone calls. A total of 560 FDRs were enumerated by the probands. The main outcome measure was proportion of FDR that presented for screening.
A total of 218 (38.9%) FDRs took up glaucoma screening services. Eighty-nine (30.1%) of the 296 FDRs in the control group and 129 (48.9%) of the 264 FDRs in the intervention group presented for examination. After multivariate analysis, FDRs in the phone call group were 2.506 times [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.695-3.706] more likely to present than FDRs in the no phone call group. Young FDRs were more likely to present [odds ratio (OR)=3.593; 95% CI: 1.613-8.007] than the elderly FDRs, while FDRs living within 200 km of the hospital were also more likely to present (OR=5.200; 95% CI: 2.860-9.456) than those living far (>200 km) away. Probands with moderate to severe visual impairment were significantly more likely (OR=3.073; 95% CI: 1.845-4.352) to have their FDRs present than probands with mild or no visual impairment.
Direct contact and health education of FDRs through phone calls had a significant positive effect on the uptake of glaucoma screening by FDRs. We recommend direct contact and education of the FDRs of glaucoma patients.
与仅由青光眼患者的亲属邀请相比，当卫生工作者通过电话直接联系和教育青光眼患者的一级亲属（FDR）时，他们更有可能接受筛查。
目的是确定通过电话直接进行健康教育对原发性开角型青光眼患者的 FDR 接受青光眼筛查的影响，作为一种在无症状高危非洲人群中控制青光眼致盲的策略。
这是一项随机临床试验，其中 102 名原发性开角型青光眼患者（先证者）被随机分为对照组和干预组。两组先证者都接受了青光眼教育，并由研究者要求他们在 1 个月内邀请其成年 FDR 参加筛查诊所。此外，干预组的 FDR 通过电话直接联系、教育并邀请他们进行检查。总共由先证者列举了 560 名 FDR。主要观察指标是接受筛查服务的 FDR 比例。
共有 218 名（38.9%）FDR 接受了青光眼筛查服务。对照组 296 名 FDR 中有 89 名（30.1%）和干预组 264 名 FDR 中有 129 名（48.9%）接受了检查。多变量分析后，电话组的 FDR 出现的可能性是未接电话组的 2.506 倍[95%置信区间（CI）：1.695-3.706]。年轻的 FDR 比年长的 FDR 更有可能出现[优势比（OR）=3.593；95%CI：1.613-8.007]，而距离医院 200km 以内的 FDR 也比距离医院较远（>200km）的 FDR 更有可能出现[优势比（OR）=5.200；95%CI：2.860-9.456]。中重度视力障碍的先证者与轻度或无视力障碍的先证者相比，其 FDR 出现的可能性显著更高[优势比（OR）=3.073；95%CI：1.845-4.352]。
通过电话直接联系和教育 FDR 对 FDR 接受青光眼筛查产生了积极的显著影响。我们建议直接联系和教育青光眼患者的 FDR。
