Guerrero-Hue Melania, Rayego-Mateos Sandra, Vázquez-Carballo Cristina, Palomino-Antolín Alejandra, García-Caballero Cristina, Opazo-Rios Lucas, Morgado-Pascual José Luis, Herencia Carmen, Mas Sebastián, Ortiz Alberto, Rubio-Navarro Alfonso, Egea Javier, Villalba José Manuel, Egido Jesús, Moreno Juan Antonio
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Dec 31;10(1):39. doi: 10.3390/antiox10010039.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the fastest-growing causes of death and is predicted to become by 2040 the fifth global cause of death. CKD is characterized by increased oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. However, therapies to slow or prevent CKD progression remain an unmet need. Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a transcription factor that plays a key role in protection against oxidative stress and regulation of the inflammatory response. Consequently, the use of compounds targeting Nrf2 has generated growing interest for nephrologists. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that Nrf2-inducing strategies prevent CKD progression and protect from acute kidney injury (AKI). In this article, we review current knowledge on the protective mechanisms mediated by Nrf2 against kidney injury, novel therapeutic strategies to induce Nrf2 activation, and the status of ongoing clinical trials targeting Nrf2 in renal diseases.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是增长最快的死亡原因之一，预计到2040年将成为全球第五大死因。CKD的特征是氧化应激增加和慢性炎症。然而，减缓或预防CKD进展的疗法仍然是未满足的需求。Nrf2（核因子红细胞2相关因子2）是一种转录因子，在抵抗氧化应激和调节炎症反应中起关键作用。因此，针对Nrf2的化合物的使用引起了肾病学家越来越浓厚的兴趣。临床前和临床研究表明，诱导Nrf2的策略可预防CKD进展并保护免受急性肾损伤（AKI）。在本文中，我们综述了关于Nrf2介导的肾脏损伤保护机制的现有知识、诱导Nrf2激活的新型治疗策略以及针对肾脏疾病中Nrf2的正在进行的临床试验的状况。
