Dr Md Aynal Hoque, Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
Mymensingh Med J. 2021 Jan;30(1):196-201.
Malnutrition is a serious public health problem that has been linked to increase risk of morbidity and mortality in slums of Dhaka city and where the prevalence of malnutrition is very high. This study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors of malnutrition among under-5 children of selective slum area in Dhaka City. This cross sectional study was conducted from January 2016 to December 2019, among 500 under-5 children selected by random sampling technique from Agargaon and Beribadh slums of Dhaka city. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard methods those were weight, height, MUAC and age. A questionnaire was ready for data collection containing episode of diseases, breast feeding status, complementary feeding, family size, family income, maternal education status, housing, source of drinking water etc in under-5 children. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0. Among 500 children from slums area, malnutrition was present in 220(44%) cases. Out of them 115(23%) children were wasted, 205(41%) children were stunted and 175(35%) children were underweight. Malnutrition was found significantly high among non-breast feed babies, who breast feed only for 6 months, in whom colostrum was not given and also when complimentary feeding was not given properly (p<0.05). Malnourished children were found significantly higher among illiterate mothers and those who used Kancha house (p<0.05). Wasting, stunting and underweight were more with increasing family size. There were a decreased number of malnutrition cases when family income rises. Diarrhoea and ARI was significantly associated with malnutrition (p<0.05). Large number of children in slum areas of Dhaka city was suffering from malnutrition. Malnutrition was significantly higher among children who did not get colostrum; non-breast fed and got improper complimentary feeding. Maternal illiteracy, living in Kancha house, large family size, family income and associated disease condition were also contributed to malnutrition.
营养不良是一个严重的公共卫生问题，已与达卡市贫民窟的发病率和死亡率增加有关，那里的营养不良患病率非常高。本研究旨在评估达卡市选择性贫民窟地区 5 岁以下儿童营养不良的危险因素。这是一项横断面研究，于 2016 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间，在达卡市的阿加冈和贝里巴德贫民窟，通过随机抽样技术，选择了 500 名 5 岁以下儿童进行研究。采用标准方法测量体重、身高、MUAC 和年龄等人体测量学指标。问卷用于收集数据，包括儿童的疾病发作、母乳喂养状况、补充喂养、家庭规模、家庭收入、母亲教育状况、住房、饮用水来源等。数据使用 SPSS 版本 21.0 进行分析。在来自贫民窟地区的 500 名儿童中，有 220 名（44%）存在营养不良。其中，115 名（23%）儿童消瘦，205 名（41%）儿童发育迟缓，175 名（35%）儿童体重不足。未母乳喂养、仅母乳喂养 6 个月、未给予初乳、补充喂养不当的婴儿营养不良发生率较高（p<0.05）。母亲文盲、使用 Kancha 房屋的儿童营养不良发生率较高（p<0.05）。家庭规模越大，消瘦、发育迟缓、体重不足的儿童越多。家庭收入增加时，营养不良的病例数减少。腹泻和急性呼吸道感染与营养不良显著相关（p<0.05）。达卡市贫民窟地区的大量儿童患有营养不良。未获得初乳的儿童、未母乳喂养且接受不当补充喂养的儿童，营养不良发生率较高。母亲文盲、居住在 Kancha 房屋、大家庭规模、家庭收入和相关疾病状况也导致了营养不良。
