Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Physiotherapy Department of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Menopause. 2021 Jan 4;28(4):467-475. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001712.
Menopause at younger ages is associated with a greater risk of adverse health outcomes such as osteoporosis, chronic diseases, and death. However, the association with physical function has not been well established.
Assess the association between timing of menopause and different measures of physical function.
Searches on the PubMed, Cochrane Library, SciELO, LILACS, and Web of Science databases were conducted. Observational studies on the association between age at menopause and measures of physical function were included, with no restriction for publication date or language. Methodological quality was assessed by the "Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies."
Four cross-sectional studies were included, totaling 13,846 participants. These investigated five measures of physical function: gait speed, grip strength, standing balance, chair stand, and self-reported functional limitations. Poor physical function was associated with premature (<40 y) or early menopause (<45 y) in all the studies, with significant results only for grip strength, gait speed, and functional limitation. Premature and early menopause were associated with weaker grip strength [between 2.58 kg (95% CI = 0.74 to 4.43) and 5.21 kg (2.18 to 8.25)], and lower gait speed [between 0.03 m/s (0.01 to 0.06) and 0.06 m/s (0.02 to 0.09)]. Menopause after the age of 50 is associated with less likelihood of functional limitation [OR between 0.52 (95% CI = 0.29 to 0.95) and 0.61 (0.40 to 0.95)] compared with premature and early menopause. Two measures of physical function (chair stand test and standing balance) were not significantly associated with age at menopause.
Only four cross-sectional studies showed that earlier ages at menopause are associated with poor physical function (grip strength, gait speed, and self-reported functional limitations), but given the high heterogeneity of the studies, no consensus is possible. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore the association between age at menopause and different measures of physical function as well as the influence of different socioeconomic conditions between countries on functioning.
绝经年龄较小与骨质疏松症、慢性病和死亡等不良健康后果的风险增加有关。然而，与身体功能的关联尚未得到很好的证实。
评估绝经时间与不同身体功能测量指标之间的关联。
在 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆、SciELO、LILACS 和 Web of Science 数据库上进行了搜索。纳入了关于绝经年龄与身体功能测量指标之间关联的观察性研究，对发表日期或语言没有限制。使用“观察性队列研究和横断面研究质量评估工具”评估方法学质量。
共纳入 4 项横断面研究，总计 13846 名参与者。这些研究调查了 5 种身体功能测量指标：步态速度、握力、站立平衡、椅站和自我报告的功能障碍。所有研究均表明，身体功能较差与绝经过早（<40 岁）或早期绝经（<45 岁）有关，仅在握力、步态速度和功能障碍方面具有显著结果。绝经过早和早期与较弱的握力相关[分别为 2.58 千克（95%置信区间：0.74 至 4.43）和 5.21 千克（2.18 至 8.25）]，以及较低的步态速度[分别为 0.03 米/秒（0.01 至 0.06）和 0.06 米/秒（0.02 至 0.09）]。与绝经过早和早期相比，绝经年龄在 50 岁以后与功能障碍的可能性较低相关[比值比（OR）分别为 0.52（95%置信区间：0.29 至 0.95）和 0.61（0.40 至 0.95）]。两项身体功能测量指标（椅站测试和站立平衡）与绝经年龄无显著相关性。
只有 4 项横断面研究表明，绝经年龄较早与身体功能较差（握力、步态速度和自我报告的功能障碍）相关，但由于研究的高度异质性，无法达成共识。需要进行纵向研究来探索绝经年龄与不同身体功能测量指标之间的关联，以及不同国家之间不同社会经济条件对功能的影响。
